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Extremities (2) > Unit 4- Feet Part 1 > Flashcards

Unit 4- Feet Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The foot is located distal to the ____ joint

A

Talocrural joint

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2
Q

The foot forms a platform for:

A

Supporting the body and locomotion

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3
Q

Contents of the foot (bones)

A

7 Tarsals

5 metatarsal

14 phalanges

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4
Q

3 functional parts of the foot

A

Hindfoot
Midfoot
Forefoot

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5
Q

Bones in the hindfoot

A

Talus and calcaneus

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6
Q

Bones in the midfoot

A

Navicular

Cuboid

3 cuneiform bones

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7
Q

Bones in the forefoot

A

Metatarsals and phalanges

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8
Q

Where is skin thinner on the foot?

A

The dorsum of the foot, associated with thin connective tissue

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9
Q

What part of the foot is thick with fibrous connective tissue?

A

Skin on plantar weigh bearing surface (heel, lateral margin, and ball of foot)

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10
Q

Fat is separated by _____ _____.

This creates:

A

Fibrous septa

An efficient shock absorbing pad, especially over the heel

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11
Q

On the dorsum of the foot, the deep fascia is continuous with:

A

The inferior extensor retinaculum

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12
Q

Deep fascia of the plantar fascia

A

Has a thick central portion with thinner medial and lateral parts

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13
Q

What holds the foot together and protects the sole from injury, and helps maintain the transverse and longitudinal arches of the foot?

A

Plantar fascia

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14
Q

Central thick fascia that arises from the calcaneus and functions like a ligament

A

Plantar aponeurosis

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15
Q

Distally, the plantar aponeurosis forms __#__ independent bands.
These become continuous with:

A

5

Fibrous digital sheaths

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16
Q

The plantar aponeurosis crosses the heads of the:

This forms:

A

Metatarsal

Forms the superficial transverse metatarsal ligament

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17
Q

The medial compartment of the sole is covered by:

In contains:

A

Medial plantar fascia

abductor hallicus
Flexor hallicus brevis
Tendon of the flexor hallicus longus
Medial plantar nerves and vessels

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18
Q

The central compartment of the sole is deep to the:

It contains:

A

Plantar aponeurosis

Flexor digitorum brevis
Tendon of the flexor digitorum longus
Quadratus plantae
Lumbricals
Adductor hallicus
Lateral plantar nerves and vessels
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19
Q

Lateral compartment of the sole is covered by:

It contains:

A

Thin skin and subcutaneous tissue and plantar fascia

Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis

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20
Q

The interosseous compartment of the sole is encased in:

It contains:

A

The plantar and dorsal interossei fascia

Metatarsals
Dorsal and plantar interosseous muscles
Deep plantar and metatarsal vessels

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21
Q

The dorsal compartment of the sole lies between:

it contains:

A

The dorsal fascia and tarsal and metatarsal bones

Extensor hallucis brevis
Extensor digitorum brevis
Dorsal neurovascular structures

22
Q

Arches of the foot

A

Anterior transverse arch

Lateral longitudinal arch

Medial longitudinal arch

23
Q

Plantar muscles functions as a group to:

A

Support body weight while maintaining the arches of the floot

24
Q

T/F: Muscles of the foot are of little importance individually

A

True

25
Q

Muscles of the foot are most active when?

A

In fixing the foot and/or increasing the pressure applies to the ground by various aspects of the sole or the toes in order to maintain balance

26
Q

Muscles of the foot refine the efforts of _____ muscles producing:

A

Long

Eversion/inversion and flexion/extension to create a stable platform for the lower extremity

27
Q

First layer of foor muscles

A

Abductor hallicus

Flexor digitorum brevis

Abductor digiti minimi

28
Q

NS and AC for Abductor hallicus

A

NS: Medial plantar nerve

AC: Abducts and flexes 1st digit

29
Q

NS and AC for flexor digitorum brevis

A

NS: Medial plantar nerve

AC: Flexes digits 2-5

30
Q

NS and AC for abductor digiti minimi

A

NS: Lateral plantar nerve

AC: Abducts and flexes 5th digit

31
Q

Layer 2 foot muscles

A

Quadratus plantae

Lumbricals

32
Q

NA and AC for Quadratus plantae

A

NS: lateral plantar nerve

AC: Assists FDL in flexing lateral 4 digits

33
Q

NS and AC for Lumbricals

A

NS :medial 1: Medial plantar nerve
Lateral 3: Lateral plantar nerve

AC: Flex proximal phalanges, extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

34
Q

Layer 3 muscles of the foot

A

Flexor hallicus brevis

Adductor hallicus

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

35
Q

NS and AC for Flexor hallicus brevis

A

NS: Medial plantar nerve

AC: Flexes proximal 1st phalanx

36
Q

NA and AC for adductor hallicus

A

NS: Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve

AC: Adduct 1st digit, assists in transverse arch of the foot

37
Q

NS and AC for flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

NS: Superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve

AC: Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit

38
Q

Layer 4 of the foot muscles

A

Plantar interossei (3)

Dorsal interossei (4)

39
Q

NS and AC for plantar interossei

A

NS: Lateral plantar nerve

AC: Adducts 2-4 digits and flexes MTP joints

40
Q

NS and AC for dorsal interossei

A

NS; lateral plantar nerve

AC: abduct digits 2-4 and flex MTP joints

41
Q

Insertion of the interossei muscles into the dorsal expansion hoods allow them to:

A

Flex the MTP joints and extend the IP joints

42
Q

The long axis of the 2nd digit serves as:

A

The midline in the foot

43
Q

Dorsum muscles of the foot

A

Extensor digitorum

Extensor hallicus brevis

44
Q

NS and AC for extensor digitorum brevis

A

NS: Deep fibular nerve

AC: AIDS extensor digitorum longus in extending medial 4 toes at MTP and IP joints

45
Q

NS and AC for extensor hallicus brevis

A

NS: deep fibular nerve

AC: AIDS. EHL in extending the 1st toe at MTP joint

46
Q

Neurovascular planes

A

Superficial and deep

47
Q

Location of superficial layer

A

Between the 1st and 2nd layers

48
Q

Location of the deep plane

A

Between the 3rd and 4th layers

49
Q

The tibial nerve divides:

A

Posterior to the medial malleolus into the medial and lateral plantar nerves

50
Q

Plantar nerves supply:

A

The intrinsic muscles of the plantar aspect of the foot

Extremities (2) (28 decks)

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