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Extremities (2) > Antebrachial Extensors > Flashcards

Antebrachial Extensors Flashcards

1
Q

Posterior compartment (extensors) are all innervated by:

A

Radial nerve or its branches

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2
Q

3 functional groups of the extensors muscles

A

1- muscles that extend and abduct or Adduct the hand at the wrist

2- muscles that extend the medial four digits

3- muscles that extend or abduct the thumb

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3
Q

Muscles that extend and abduct or adduct the hand at the wrist (3)

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Extensor carpi radialis breves

Extension carpi ulnaris

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4
Q

Muscles that extend the medial four digits (3)

A

Extensor digitorum

Extensor Indicis

Extensor digiti minimi

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5
Q

Muscles that extend or abduct the thumb (3)

A

Abductor pollicis longus

Extensor pollicis breves

Extensor pollicis longus

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6
Q

Superficial extensor muscles (6)

A 
Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus 
Extensor carpi radialis breves
Extensor carpi ulnaris 
Extensor digitorum 
Extensor digiti minimi
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7
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brachioradialis muscles attach to the:

A

To the lateral super epicondyle right ridge of the humerus and adjacent intermuscular septum

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8
Q

All superficial extensor muscles have attachments to:

A

To the common extensor tendon to the lateral epicondyle

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9
Q

Deep extensor muscles (5)

A 
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis breves
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor indicis
Supinator
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10
Q

Deep extensor muscles are also known as

A

Outcropping muscles

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11
Q

Extensor muscles (10)

A 
Brachioradialis 
Extensor carpi radialis, longus AND brevis
Extensor digitorum 
Extensor digit minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris 
Aconeus
Supinator
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
Extensor indicis
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12
Q

OINA for extensor carpi radialis longus

A

OR: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

INS: Base of 2nd metacarpal bone

NS: Radial

Action: extends hand at wrist
Abducts hand at wrist

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13
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus’ has a synergistic function with ______ ___ because:

A

With finger flexors

Because it keeps the wrist extended to allow increased grip strength

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14
Q

OINA for extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

OR: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

INS: base of the 3rd metacarpal bone

NS: Deep branch of radial (sometimes radial PRIOR to bifurcation)

AC: Extends hand at wrist
Abducts hand at wrist

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15
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis occasionally arises from:

A

From a common belly with its longer partner

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16
Q

OINA of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

OR: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Posterior border of the ulna

INS: Medial side of the base of the 5th metacarpal Bone

NS: posterior interosseous branch

AC: extends hand at wrist
Adducts hand at wrist

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17
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris is synergistic with:

A

With finger flexors because keeps the wrist extended to allow increased grip strength

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18
Q

OINA for extensor digitorum

A

OR: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

INS: Extensor expansions of the medial 4 digits

NS: Posterior interosseous branch

AC: Extension at the DIP, PIP, MCP
Wrist extension when fingers are extended

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19
Q

OINA for extensor digiti minimi

A

OR: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

INS: Extensor expansions of the 5th digit

NS: Posterior interosseous branch.

AC: Extends digit 5

20
Q

Where do the 4 extensor tendons pass

A

Deep to the extensor retinaculum to the medial four digits

21
Q

As the tendons pass over the dorsum of the wrist the are covered with:

A

Synovial sheaths

22
Q

The extensor indicis joins the _______ ______ as it passes through the _______

A

Extensor digitorum

Extensor retinaculum

23
Q

What extensor has its own sheath

A

Extensor digiti minimi

24
Q

Oblique intertendinous connection at the MCP joints restricts:

A

Independent extension of the digits, except index and 5th

25
Q

The tendons of the 2-5 extensor tendons form the:

A

Extensor expansions on the distal metacarpals

26
Q

The distal tendons form”

A

Complex mechanical structures

27
Q

The 4 tendons of the extensor digitorum join:

A

The fascia expansion called the extensor expansion

28
Q

The extensor expansion spilts into how many parts? Where?

A

3 parts near the PIP

29
Q

3 parts of the extensor expansion after splitting

A

1 central part

2 lateral parts

30
Q

Where does the central part of the extensor digitorum insert?

A

Into the base of the middle phalanx

31
Q

2 lateral parts of the extensor expansion converse to be inserted:

A

Into the base of the distal phalanx

32
Q

The tendon to the index finger is joined on its medial side by:

A

The tendon of the extensor indicis

33
Q

The tendon to the little fingers is joined:

A

On its medial side by the 2 tendons of the extensor digiti minimi

34
Q

OINA for Abductor pollicis longus

A

OR: Posterior aspect of ulna, radius, and posterior interosseous membrane

INS: Base of 1st metacarpal

NS: Posterior interosseous branch

AC: Abducts digit 1
Extends digit 1

35
Q

OINA for extensor pollicis brevis

A

OR: posterior aspect of ulna, radius and interosseous membrane

INS: base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

NS: posterior interosseous branch

AC: Extends proximal phalanx at MCP joint
Can extend 1st metacarpal at the carpometacarpal joint
Forms lateral boundary of the snuff box

36
Q

OINA for Extensor pollicis longus

A

OR: Post. Surface of middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane

IN: Base of distal phalanx of thumb

NS: Posterior interosseous branch

AC: Extends distal phalanx at MCP and PIP
Contributes to thumb abduction
Forms medial boundary of the snuff box

37
Q

OINA for Extensor indicis

A

OR: Posterior surface of the ulna and interosseous membrane

IN: extensor expansion of 2nd digit

NS: Posterior interosseous branch

AC: Extends all the joints of the index finger
Assists in wrist extension
Allows independent index finger action

38
Q

Medial border of the snuffbox

A

The tendon of the extensor pollicis longus

39
Q

Lateral border of the snuffbox

A

Pair of parallel tendons: The extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus

40
Q

Distal border of the snuffbox

A

Approximate apex of the snuffbox isosceles triangle

41
Q

Floor of the snuffbox

A

Varies depending on position of wrist-

But both the trapezium and primarily the scaphoid can be palpated

42
Q

Artery that passes through the snuffbox on its course to the proximal space in between the 1st and 2nd metacarpals to contribute to the superficial and deep palmar arches

A

Radial artery

43
Q

Vein that arises within the anatomical snuffbox

A

Cephalic vein

44
Q

Radial nerve can be palpated by:

A

By stroking along the extensor pollicis longus with the dorsal aspect of a fingernail

45
Q

OINA for Supinator

A

OR: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Supinator fossa and crest of ulna

INS: Radius

IN: Deep branch of radial nerve

AC: Rortates the radius to supinate the forearm and hand ***Supinates regardless of flexion/extension position (versus biceps brachii)

46
Q

Why is it difficult to secure a screw with the left hand?

A

The strongest Supinator is the biceps, which is much more powerful that pronation

Extremities (2) (28 decks)

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