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Extremities (2) > Unit 4- Anterior And Lateral Leg > Flashcards

Unit 4- Anterior And Lateral Leg Flashcards

1
Q

Which leg bone is weight bearing?

A

Tibia

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2
Q

The tibia forms the ____ ____ of the ankle joint

A

Medial malleolus

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3
Q

Function of fibula

A

Provides muscular attachment

Forms lateral malleolus of ankle joint

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4
Q

What joins the tibia and fibula, and is the origin of a number of leg muscles?

Provides no significant role in force transmission

A

Interosseous membrane

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5
Q

The “hinge” joint with the femur. AKA the knee joint

A

Tibial plateaux

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6
Q

Where the tendon from the thigh muscles and patella attaches, that moves the lower leg forwards at the knee joint- the extensor muscles

A

Tibial tuberosity

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7
Q

Part of the fibula that forms the bony lump on the outside of the ankle joint

A

Lateral malleolus

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8
Q

Bottom of the tibia, forms a “hinge” jointwith the talus bone of the foot

A

Ankle joint

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9
Q

Part of the tibia forms the bony lump on the inside of the ankle joint

A

Medial malleolous

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10
Q

The leg is divided into what compartments?

A

Anterior, lateral and posterior

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11
Q

What separates the leg compartments?

A

Anterior and posterior intermuscular septa and the interosseous membrane

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12
Q

Contents of the anterior compartment

A

Extensor digitorum longus

Extensor hallucis longus

Anterior tibial artery and vein

Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve

Tibialis anterior

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13
Q

Contents of the lateral compartment

A

Superficial fibular nerve

fibularis longus

fibularis brevis

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14
Q

Location of the flexor compartment

A

anterior to the interosseous membrane between the lateral surface of the tibia and the medial surface of the fibula

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15
Q

the flexor compartment is enclosed by what?

A

the deep fascia of the leg (which is a continuatin of the fascia of the thigh)

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16
Q

Where is the flexor compartment denser?

A

superiorly

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17
Q

The flexor compartment, AKA:

A

anterior compartment

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18
Q

why does the anterior compartment have an increased risk for compartment syndrome?

A

due to the small size of the compartment and its tight fascial borders

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19
Q

The fibular nerves (ARE/ARE NOT) in the same compartment as the fibular vessels

A

are not

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20
Q

The superior extensor retinaculum transverses from the ____ to the ______ proximal to the ____

A

Fibula
Tibia
Malleoli

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21
Q

The inferior extensor retinaculum is a Y shaped ____ ____ band extending from ___ ___ ___ to the:

A

deep fascial

anterior superior calcaneous

tibial malleolus and plantar aponeurosis

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22
Q

What tendons run through the retinaculum

A

fibularis tertius

extensor digitorum longus

extendor hallicus longus

tibialis anterior tendon

23
Q

Main function of the anterior compartment muscles

A

dorsiflexion (has 25% of the power of plantar flexion)

main function of clearing the toes during swing phase of normal gait (concentric) and forefoot touch-down after heel strike (eccentric)

24
Q

What are dorsiflexors of ankle and extensors of the toes

A

tibialis anterior

extensor digitorum longus

exterdor hallicus longus

Fibularis tertius

25
Q

OINA for tibialis anterior

A

OR: Lateral condyle

IN: Medial cuneiform bone
Base of the 1st metatarsal

AC: Dorsiflexes the foot at the ankle
Inversion of foot

NS: Deep fibular nerve

26
Q

Blood supply to tibialis anterior

A

anterior tibial artery

27
Q

What is the largest muscle of the anterior compartment? It is also the strongest dorsiflexor of the foot

A

tibialis anterior

28
Q

Tibialis anterior is antagonized by the _____ ____, except when?

A

tibialis posterior

when they work synergistically in foot inversion

29
Q

OINA for extensor digitorum longus

A

OR: Lateral condyle
Anterior surface of fibula
upper interosseous membrane

INS: Extensor expansion (medial and lateral slips to distal phalanx. Central slip to middle phalanx)

AC: Extends lateral 4 toes
Dorsiflexes foot

NS: Deep fibular nerve

30
Q

What is the most lateral muscle of the anterior compartment?

A

extensor digitorum longus

31
Q

OINA for extensor hallucis longus

A

OR: Anterior middle portion of fibula
Interosseous membrane

INS: Dital phalanx of digit 1

AC: Extends digit 1
Dorsiflexes foot

NS: Deep fibular nerve

32
Q

What is the extensor hallucis longus covered by?

A

EDL and TA

33
Q

OINA for fibularis tertius

A

OR: Anterior inferior 1/3 of fibula
Interosseous membrane

INS: Base of 5th metatarsal

AC: Eversion of foot
Dorsiflexes foot

NS: Deep fibular nerve

34
Q

Fibularis tertius is a separate part of the ____. It is a stronger _____ than ____

A

EDL

Everter than dorsiflexor

35
Q

Fibularis teritus plays a role in protecting what ligament?

A

anterior talofibular ligament

  • commonly injured ligament with a sprained ankle
36
Q

Terminal branch of the common fibular nerve

A

Deep fibular nerve

37
Q

The deep fibular nerve arises between the ____ _____ muscle and the ____ ____.

A

fibularis longus

fibular neck

38
Q

what artery does the deep fibular nerve join? Where?

A

anterior tibial artery

between the TA and EDL

39
Q

What does the deep fibular nerve supply?

A

all anterior compartment structures

40
Q

Pathway of the anterior tibial artery:

A

Begins at the inf border of the popliteus muscle

Passes anterior to interosseous membrane

Descends on the anterior surface of the membrane between the TA and EDL with the deep fibular nerve

41
Q

Distally, the anterior tibial artery becomes the ____ artery and enters the:

A

dorsal artery of the foot

the 1st interosseous space

42
Q

the dorsal artery of the foor divides into what?

A

the plantar and arcuate arteries

43
Q

What is the everter compartment?

A

Lateral compartment of the leg

44
Q

Lateral surface of the fibula and anterior and posterior intermuscular septa and deep fascia of the leg

A

lateral compartment of leg

45
Q

where does the lateral compartment of the leg end?

A

at the superior fibular retinaculum (runs fom the tip of the fibula to the calcaneus)

46
Q

OINA for fibularis longus

A

OR: Head and upper 2/3 fibula

INS: medial cuneiform
Metatarsal 1

AC: Everts foot
Abducts foot

NS: superficial fibular nerve

47
Q

Long tendon of fibularis longus passes posterior to the ____ ____ and crosses obliquely on the ____ surface of the foot

A

lateral malleolus

plantar

48
Q

Lateral malleolus forms a:

49
Q

OINA for fibularis brevis

A

OR: Distal 2/3 of lateral fibula

INS: Base of metatarsal 5

NS: Superficial fibular nerve

AC: everts and abducts foor

50
Q

Tendon of the fibularis brevis passes deep to the ____, passes behind the ___ ____ and runs forward to insertion

A

FL

Lateral malleolus

51
Q

Main role in ambulation for fibularis brevis:

A

to balance the tendency toward foot inversion

52
Q

Arterial supply to the lateral compartment is via perforating branches of:

A

anterior and posterior tibial arteries proximally, and fibular artery perforators distally

53
Q

Innervation of lateral compartment muscles

A

superficial fibular nerve

Extremities (2) (28 decks)

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