Unit 3- Bones Of The Lower Limb Flashcards
The lower extremity is specialized for:
Locomotion
Supporting body weight
Maintenance of balance
Lower limb bones include:
Os Coxae
Femur
Tibia
Fibula
Patella
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
What is in the gluteal Region
Gluteal muscles
Hip joint
Pelvis (ilium, ischium, pubis)
What is in the thigh region
Femur
What is in the knee region
Distal femur
Patella
Proximal tibia and fibula
Politeal fossa
What is located in the leg
Tibia
Fibula
Calf
What is in the foot region
Tarsus
Metatarsus
Phalanges
Sesmoid bones of the foot
Interphalangeal lateral and medial sesamoids for 1-5 toes
Sesamoid of tibialis posterior
Os peroneum
Most common sesamoid bone
In the flexor hallicus brevis tendon at the metatarsophalangeal joint of digit 1
Where is body weight transferred?
From the spine through the SI joints
To the pelvic girdle
Through the hip joints
To the femurs
To the knee
To the ankle
To the talus
Through the foot to the ground
Os Coxae is united by:
The tri-radiate cartilage
What forms the superior part of the hip and acetabulum?
Ilium
Medial portion of the ilium consists of:
What for?
Thick columns
For weight bearing
The lateral portion of the ilium is ______ and provides attachment sites for:
Thin
LE muscles
Parts of the ilium (6)
ASIS
AIIS
Tubercle of the iliac crest
Post, Inf, and ant gluteal lines (for gluteal muscles)
Iliac fossa (for iliac muscles)
Greater sciatic notch
Body of the ilium joins the ____ and ______ to the _____
Pubis
Ischium
Acetabulum
The ischium forms what?
Post inf part of the acetabulum and hip bone
The body of ischium joins the _____ and _______ ____ of the pubis to for the:
Ilium
Superior ramus
Acetabulum
The ramus of the ischium joins the ____ ____ of the pubis
Inferior ramus
Ishiopubic ramus
What forms the inf border of the obturator foramen?
The Ischial ramus
Parts of the ischium (6)
Body
Ramus
Ischial spine
Ischial tuberosity
Lesser sciatic notch
What serves as a trochlea for muscles emerging from the pelvis?
Lesser sciatic notch
What 2 structures are in the same verticals plane?
ASIS and
Anterior superior pubis
The symphysial surface is:
Vertical
The acetabulum faces _______ with the acetabulum notch is directed _______
Inferolaterally
Inferiorly
What is the obturator foramen bounded by?
The pubis, ischium and their rami
What is the obturator foramen closed by?
The obturator membrane-except for the obturator canal
What does the acetabulum articulate with?
The head of the femur
What is the acetabulum formed by?
All 3 bones of the hip
2 incomplete inferior margins of the acetabulum
Acetabular notch
Transverse acetabular ligament
What is the actual articular surface of the acetabulum?
Lunate surface of the acetabulum
The longest and heaviest bone of the body
Femur
Length of the femur
1/4th height
The head of the femur is covered with”
Hyaline cartilage
A pit for the round ligament on the head of the femur
Fovea Capitals
Lateral and superior trochanter of the femur
Greater trochanter
The greater trochanter provides attachment for:
Abductors and rotators
What is between the greater and lesser trochanter?
Intertrochanteric line
Medial and inferior trochanter of the femur
Lesser trochanter
The lesser trochanter extends _____ from the ________ ______ of the neck and shaft
Medially
Posteriomedial junction
The lesser trochanter provides attachment for what?
The primary thigh flexor (iliopsoas)
Parts of the femur (12)
Quadrate tubercle Intertrochanteric crest Neck Shaft Linea aspera Gluteal tuberosity Pectineal line Medial and lateral supracondylar lines Adductor tubercle Intercondylar fossa Medial and lateral condyle Medial and lateral epicondyle
Shape of the neck of the femur
Trapezoidal
The shaft of the femur is slightly bowed _______
Anteriorly
Place for attachment of adductors
Linea aspera
The femur angle of inclination is greater in (MALES/FEMALES).
Females
Greatest at birth and gradually diminishes until adulthood
Purpose of the angle of inclination
Increases mobility of the femur
Angle between the head/neck and angle of femoral condyle
Angle of the femoral condyles
The angle of declination is greater in (MALES/FEMALES)
Females
The patella is a _____ bone that forms within the:
Sesamoid
Petallar tendon
Parts of the patella:
Base- superior border
Apex- inferior border
Articular surface
