Unit 3B,C: The Brain

Question 1

Brain scan that measures brain activity

Answer 1

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

Question 2

Brain scan that uses large magnets to create a picture of the brain

Answer 2

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

Question 3

LOBES OF THE BRAIN

The blue area - controls complex thinking

Answer 3

Frontal Lobe

Question 4

LOBES OF THE BRAIN

The yellow area

Answer 4

Parietal Lobe

Question 5

LOBES OF THE BRAIN

The green area

Answer 5

Temporal Lobe

Question 6

LOBES OF THE BRAIN

The red area - interprets visual information

Answer 6

Occipital Lobe

Question 7

The area circled in red, a small “mini brain” at the bottom and back of the cerebral cortex - controls balance and reflexive movements

Answer 7

Cerebellum

Controls reflexive movements and balance

Question 8

The “fist shaped” area within the brain which extends from the spinal cord, including the medulla, pons, and thalamus

Answer 8

Brainstem

Question 9

A brain scanning technique that compares multiple MRI scans over time, and highlights the differences

In this picture - changes (active areas) shown in red

Answer 9

fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

Question 10

Brain scanning technique which uses x-rays to produce an image of the brain

Answer 10

CT (Computed Tomography) Scan

Question 11

The bottom part of the brainstem - controls autonomic processes such as heartbeat and breathing

Answer 11

Medulla

Question 12

The middle part of the brainstem, looks like a lump

Answer 12

Pons

Question 13

The top area in the brainstem, and the largest part

Is a virtual “switchboard” for the brain, directing most neuronal messages from the spinal cord to their appropriate location in the brain

Answer 13

Thalamus

Question 14

The layer of tissue which connects the two hemispheres of the brain

Answer 14

Corpus Callosum

Question 15

The system of brain structures that are located between the brainstem and the cerebrum

Answer 15

Limbic System

Question 16

The entire outer area of the brain making up 80% of the brain’s weight, includes both “grey matter” and “white matter”

Pictured with the thalamus

Answer 16

Cerebrum

Question 17

The outermost layer of the cerebrum, only 1/10 of an inch thick - “grey matter”

Pictured with the entire cerebrum and thalamus

Answer 17

Cerebral Cortex

Question 18

The “comma” or “seahorse” shaped organ in the limbic system, which wraps around the thalamus

Controls Memory

Answer 18

Hippocampus

Question 19

Part of the limbic system, located below the thalamus

Controls rewards, body temperature, and hunger

Answer 19

Hypothalamus

Question 20

The part of the limbic system which controls emotions

Answer 20

Amygdala

Question 21

The band across both hemispheres of the cerebrum that control messages concerned with sending signals to the body

Pictured in blue

Answer 21

Motor Cortex

Question 22

The band across both hemispheres of the cerebrum that control messages concerned with receiving signals from the body

Pictured in yellow

Answer 22

Sensory Cortex

Question 23

Area in the cerebral cortex which controls the production of speech

Answer 23

Broca’s Area

Question 24

The area in the cerebral cortex which controls the interpretation of speech

Answer 24

Wernicke’s Area

Question 25

The term for damage to one of the areas of the brain involved in the interpretation or creation of language (Broca’s or Wernicke’s Areas)

Answer 25

Aphasia

(Broca’s Aphasia would make a person unable to create speech)

Wernicke’s Aphasia would make a person unable to understand language)

Question 26

The name for siblings who shared the same womb environment

Answer 26

Fraternal Twins

Question 27

When a single fertilized egg splits into two embryos, both of which are genetically identical

Answer 27

Monozygotic (“Identical”) Twins

Question 28

How can twin studies help us in “Nature Nurture” debates

Answer 28

We can compare the likelihood of certain traits in fraternal twins and identical twins, and any differences would be linked with genetic (nature) elements