Unit 3 Mutations

Question 1

H1 is degraded

Answer 1

DNA would fall off the histone

Question 2

The phosphate group in DNA is replaced with a negative oxygen group

Answer 2

no charge

Question 3

The phosphate group in DNA is replaced with a positive nitrogen group

Answer 3

DNA would repel histone

Question 4

Histone proteins have a neutral charge

Answer 4

DNA and histone would be loosely bound

Question 5

Histone proteins have a negative charge

Answer 5

histones would repel DNA

Question 6

Histone proteins have a very positive charge

Answer 6

DNA and histones would bind tightly

Question 7

single-strand binding proteins are degraded

Answer 7

hairpins

Question 8

helicase is deactivated

Answer 8

replication

Question 9

topoisomerase/gyrase is functioning slower than usual

Answer 9

DNA would replicate more slowly

Question 10

helicase stops working halfway through replication

Answer 10

replication bubble cannot continue

Question 11

primase is not functional

Answer 11

there will only be on the DNA

Question 12

DNA polymerase III is degraded

Answer 12

only primers will be on the DNA

Question 13

DNA polymerase I can no longer bind to DNA

Answer 13

there will be a mix of DNA and RNA

Question 14

DNA polymerase delta is working extremely fast

Answer 14

lagging strand is being formed quickly

Question 15

DNA polymerase III no longer has 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity

Answer 15

errors cannot be fixed and replication may not continue

Question 16

DNA polymerase I can not do 5’ to 3’ exonuclease activity

Answer 16

there will be a mix of DNA and RNA

Question 17

DNA polymerase III doesn’t have 5’ to 3’ exonuclease activity

Answer 17

no effect

Question 18

DNA polymerase alpha is mutated to remove primase activity

Answer 18

DNA replication cannot happen

Question 19

DNA polymerase III cannot perform 5’ to 3’ polymerase activity

Answer 19

primers will be removed and not replicated

Question 20

the rut sequence is mutated

Answer 20

who will not bind, RNA polymerase cannot be removed

Question 21

RNA polymerase cannot break hydrogen bonds

Answer 21

mRNA cannot be built

Question 22

rho factor loses helicase activity

Answer 22

rho factor can bind out but can’t detach RNA polymerase

Question 23

the activate site of RNA polymerase can only bind to dNTP’s

Answer 23

single stranded DNA will be made

Question 24

an enzyme degrades all transcriptional activator proteins (TAP’s)

Answer 24

transcription slows down

Question 25

TFIID is removed

Answer 25

RNA polymerase II won’t bind to TATA box

Question 26

Rat1 is mutated to only have 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity

Answer 26

extra mRNA cannot be degraded

Question 27

the promoter sequence is moved to be 3 unites upstream of the terminator

Answer 27

pre-mRNA will be very short

Question 28

a poly(U) tail was added

Answer 28

pre-mRNA would be degraded

Question 29

exons and introns were switched

Answer 29

exons would be removed and introns translated

Question 30

an enzyme is added to a prokaryotic cell that degrades spliceosome

Answer 30

nothing

Question 31

an enzyme is added to a prokaryotic cell thar degrades spliceosome

Answer 31

introns would be removed

Question 32

amino-acyl-tRNA-synthetase begins binding amino acids and tRNA randomly

Answer 32

codons no longer match amino acids

Question 33

the shine-dalgarno sequence is mutated

Answer 33

small subunit cannot bind mRNA in prokaryotes

Question 34

the large subunit loses its enzymatic activity

Answer 34

no peptide bonds

Question 35

release factor cannot bind to the ribosome

Answer 35

peptide not released

Question 36

cap binding proteins are mutated

Answer 36

subunits cannot bind mRNA in eukaryotes