Ch. 2 Chromosomes and Cellular Reproduction

Question 1

What has a nucleus, linear DNA, membrane bound organelles and histones

Answer 1

eukaryote

Question 2

What is only made of two macromolecules?

Answer 2

virus

Question 3

What is the way that prokaryotes replicate?

Answer 3

binary fission

Question 4

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

Answer 4

23

Question 5

How many pairs of HOMOLOGOUS chromosomes does a human male have?

Answer 5

22

Question 6

What is a set of chromosomes, one from each parent, that code for the same trait, but not necessarily the same alleles?

Answer 6

homologous chromosomes

Question 7

What is a set that contains identical information?

Answer 7

sister chromatids

Question 8

What are the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes?

Answer 8

telomere

Question 9

What are the middle of eukaryotic chromosomes?

Answer 9

centromeres

Question 10

What are the two main stages of the cell cycle?

Answer 10

M phase
interphase

Question 11

What are the stages of interphase?

Answer 11

G1
G2
S

Question 12

Where do sister chromatids appear?

Answer 12

S phase

Question 13

This phase is entered if the cell does not want to continue cell division?

Answer 13

G0

Question 14

What main purpose of this stage is cell growth

Answer 14

interphase

Question 15

What results in 2 generally identical cells with a fell set of chromosomes?

Answer 15

mitosis

Question 16

What results in 2 genetically different haploid cells?

Answer 16

meiosis I

Question 17

What results in 4 genetically different haploid cells?

Answer 17

meiosis II

Question 18

What are the order of phases?

Answer 18

prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase

Question 19

In mitosis, when do the sister chromatids separate?

Answer 19

anaphase

Question 20

In mitosis, when do chromosomes condense?

Answer 20

prophase

Question 21

In mitosis, when does crossing over occur?

Answer 21

none

Question 22

These develop from centromeres and attach to the kinetochores on the chromosomes

Answer 22

spindle microtubules

Question 23

What stage can be seen as the opposite of prophase?

Answer 23

telophase

Question 24

In chromosome/ DNA molecule counting

Answer 24

S: number of DNA molecules doubles
anaphase: number of chromosomes doubles
telophase/cytokinesis: number of chromosomes halves
telophase/cytokinesis: number of DNA halves

Question 25

Meiosis I also known as

Answer 25

reduction division

Question 26

True or False: reduction division is when you go from diploid to haploid

Answer 26

True

Question 27

When does crossing over occur?

Answer 27

Prophase I

Question 28

True or False: Meiosis I is most similar to mitosis

Answer 28

False

Question 29

What is the purpose of crossing over?

Answer 29

genetic variation

Question 30

Where each homologous chromosomes can be paired up with any other homologous chromosome from other sets

Answer 30

random distribution in meiosis I

Question 31

How many sperm does one spermatogonium make?

Answer 31

4

Question 32

How many eggs (ovum) does one oogonium make?

Answer 32

1