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BIO 2306 > Ch. 19 Molecular Genetic Analysis and Biotechnology > Flashcards

Ch. 19 Molecular Genetic Analysis and Biotechnology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What will cut DNA at specific nucleotide sequences?

A

restriction enzymes

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2
Q

After being cut by a restriction enzyme, there is a single-strand overhang

A

sticky ends

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3
Q

After being cut by a restriction enzyme, the strands are the same length

A

blunt ends

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4
Q

What type of RNA is combined with Cas9 to form the effector complex?

A

sgRNA

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5
Q

In the CRISPR system, which sequence on the DNA does the effector complex recognize?

A

PAM

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6
Q

What is one purpose of CRISPR as a genome editing tool?

A

homologous recombination

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7
Q

In gel electrophoresis, what sequences will travel the furthest?

A

shortest

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8
Q

What is used to amplify DNA?

A

polymerase chain reaction

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9
Q

What is the order of PCR?

A

denaturation
annealing
elongation

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10
Q

What happens in denaturation?

A

the two strands separate

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11
Q

What happens in annealing?

A

primer is added

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12
Q

What happens in elongation?

A

new DNA is made

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13
Q

What will we add the DNA of interest segment in to?

A

plasmid

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14
Q

What are the three important regions of the plasmid?

A

origin of replication
unique restriction sites
selectable markers

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15
Q

What are the two selectable markers?

A

ampR
lacZ

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16
Q

What is the plasmid called when it has foreign DNA in it?

A

recombinant

17
Q

What is the process of a plasmid being added to a bacteria?

A

transformation

18
Q

Which two things do you use to select for bacteria with the recombinant plasmid?

A

X-gal
ampicillin

19
Q

What color is the bacteria you want?

A

white

20
Q

What are dideoxynucleotides?

A

missing 2’ and 3’ OH

21
Q

What does a ddNTP do?

A

ends the sequence

22
Q

What do we use dideoxy (Sanger) sequencing for?

A

determining the nucleotide sequence

23
Q

The genome of these organisms have been permanently altered through genetic engineering

A

transgenic organism

BIO 2306 (18 decks)

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