Ch. 19 Molecular Genetic Analysis and Biotechnology Flashcards
What will cut DNA at specific nucleotide sequences?
restriction enzymes
After being cut by a restriction enzyme, there is a single-strand overhang
sticky ends
After being cut by a restriction enzyme, the strands are the same length
blunt ends
What type of RNA is combined with Cas9 to form the effector complex?
sgRNA
In the CRISPR system, which sequence on the DNA does the effector complex recognize?
PAM
What is one purpose of CRISPR as a genome editing tool?
homologous recombination
In gel electrophoresis, what sequences will travel the furthest?
shortest
What is used to amplify DNA?
polymerase chain reaction
What is the order of PCR?
denaturation
annealing
elongation
What happens in denaturation?
the two strands separate
What happens in annealing?
primer is added
What happens in elongation?
new DNA is made
What will we add the DNA of interest segment in to?
plasmid
What are the three important regions of the plasmid?
origin of replication
unique restriction sites
selectable markers
What are the two selectable markers?
ampR
lacZ
What is the plasmid called when it has foreign DNA in it?
recombinant
What is the process of a plasmid being added to a bacteria?
transformation
Which two things do you use to select for bacteria with the recombinant plasmid?
X-gal
ampicillin
What color is the bacteria you want?
white
What are dideoxynucleotides?
missing 2’ and 3’ OH
What does a ddNTP do?
ends the sequence
What do we use dideoxy (Sanger) sequencing for?
determining the nucleotide sequence
The genome of these organisms have been permanently altered through genetic engineering
transgenic organism
