Unit 3: Cell Structure & Organelle Flashcards
What are the three main things to Cell Theory?
- All living things are made of cells
- Cells are the basic unit of life
- Cells come from the reproduction of existing
cells
What is the difference between Eukaryote and Prokaryote cells?
Eukaryotes: Have cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Prokaryotes: cells have no nucleus/organelles and are very simple
What is Cell Membrane?
Double layer of phospholipids and proteins. Surrounds outside of ALL cells
What is Cell Membrane function?
Controls what enters or leaves the cell
What is Cell Wall?
Found outside the cell membrane
What is Cell Wall function?
Supports and protects the cell of plants and bacteria
What is cytoplasm?
Jelly-like substance (cytosol) surrounded by cell membrane
what is the cytoplasm function?
Contains organelles and to carry out specific jobs
what is the nucleus?
Contains the DNA, small circle thing yk
what is the nucleus’s function?
controls normal function of the cell
What is the nucleolus?
Found in the nucleus
what is the nucleolus’s function?
assembles ribosomes
what is the cytoskelelton
Made of proteins, microtubules and microfilaments, BASICALLY THE STRUCTURE
what is the cytoskeleton’s function?
Helps maintain cell structure and organization, Helps move organelles and chromosomes around
What is the mitochondria?
“powerhouse” of cell
Where and what is ribosomes?
Can be on rough ER or free-floating
what is the function of the mitochondria?
Makes energy called ATP, Has its own DNA
What is the function of ribosomes?
Join amino acids to make proteins
What and where is endoplasmic reticulum?
Smooth and Rough (rough has ribosomes on it)
What is the function of ER?
Creates cell products and transports things
What is Golgi Bodies?
Stacks of flattened sacs
What is Golgi Bodies’s functions?
Receives proteins from ER, Modify, sort, and package things for storage or transport out
of cell
What are lysosomes?
Contain digestive enzymes
What is the function of lysosomes?
Break down food, bacteria, cell parts for the cell
What is the vacuole?
fluid-filled sacs
What is the function of vacuole?
storage of sugars, proteins, wastes, water,etc
What and where are chloroplasts?
Found in plant producers (not found in animal cells) VERY GREEN
What is the function of chloroplasts?
Use energy from sun to make their own food (glucose).
Energy from sun is stored in chemical bonds of sugars
What and where is centrosomes?
Complex of centrioles (microtubules) and protein structures and Composed of microtubules
What is the function of centrosomes?
Centrioles can only be seen during cell division
aid in moving chromosomes around during cell
division
What is found in plant cells only?
Cell Wall and Chloroplast
What is found in animal cells only?
centrioles