Unit 23

Question 1

What is ASD

Answer 1

Having difficulty in social communication and interaction
Unusually restricted, repetitive behavior, interest, or activities

Question 2

What is the etiology of ASD

Answer 2

Unknown
Some genetic connection - more seen in twins or if other siblings have autism

Question 3

What are s/s of ASD

Answer 3

Impaired social interaction
Impaired verbal and nonverbal communication (doesn’t mean they dont talk, they just miss social ques)
Repetitive pattern of movement, interests, or behaviors
Poor muscle tone, incoordination, or toe walking
Developmental regression
Aggressive behavior
Intellectual impairment

Question 4

What are interventions for ASD?

Answer 4

Structured routine
Behavior therapy
Positive reinforcement
Teach verbal communication skills
Antipsychotics and melatonin to help with insomnia

Question 5

What are interventions for ASD hospitalized child?

Answer 5

Stay with child
Decrease stimulation
Minimal eye contact or holding
Introduce new situations slowly
Communicate at THEIR ACTUAL developmental level not what they should be at
Be brief and concrete

Question 6

What are s/s of down syndrome?

Answer 6

Almond shaped eyes
Small ears
Flat nasal bridge
Enlarged tongue
One palmar crease
Short neck
Short abdomen, protruding
Hyper-flexibility, poor tone
Small hands, stubby fingers
Immune dysfunction

Question 7

What are other health problems in down syndrome?

Answer 7

Congenital heart defects - Ventricular and atrium septums are the most common
Thyroid dysfunction
Decreased immunity (Leukemia, respiratory infection - hypotonicity of lung muscles)

Question 8

What are nursing interventions for down syndrome hospitalized children?

Answer 8

Serve the child’s meals at their usual mealtime
Determine vocab used by child
Assess visual and hearing capabilities
Encourage the parents to stay with the child