Unit 2 Terms-Joe

Question 1

Abdominal distention

Answer 1

Occurs when substances such as gas or fluid accumulate in the abdomen, causing its outward expansion beyond the normal girth of the stomach and waist

Question 2

Abduction

Answer 2

To draw away from the midline of the body or from an adjacent part or limb

Question 3

Acrocyanosis

Answer 3

Bluish or purple coloring of the hands and feet caused by slow circulation

Question 4

Adduction

Answer 4

To draw inward toward the median axis of the body or toward an adjacent part or limb

Question 5

Adventitious breath sounds

Answer 5

Abnormal sounds that are heard over a patient’s lungs and airways, including fine and coarse crackles (rales), wheezes (rhonchi), pleural rubs and stridor

Question 6

Alopecia

Answer 6

The partial or complete absence of hair from areas of the body where it normally grows; baldness

Question 7

Ascites

Answer 7

The accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, causing abdominal swelling

Question 8

Ataxia

Answer 8

The loss of full control of bodily movements

Question 9

Atrophy

Answer 9

Waste away, typically due to the degeneration of cells

Question 10

Auscultation

Answer 10

The act of listening, either directly or through a stethoscope or other instrument, to sounds within the body as a method of diagnosis

Question 11

Bowel Sounds (i.e.,hypoactive, normoactive, hyperactive)

Answer 11

A rumbling, growling or gurgling noise produced by movement of the contents of the gastro-intestinal tract as they are propelled through the small intestine by a series of muscle contractions called peristalsis

Question 12

Cachectic

Answer 12

Weakness and wasting of the body due to severe chronic illness

Question 13

Conjunctiva

Answer 13

Mucous membrane that covers the front of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids

Question 14

Contusion

Answer 14

A region of injured tissue or skin in which blood capillaries have been ruptured; a bruise

Question 15

Crackles

Answer 15

Clicking, rattling, or crackling noises made by one or both lungs of a person with a respiratory disease during inhalation

Question 16

Crepitus

Answer 16

A grating sound or sensation produced by friction between bone and cartilage or the fractured parts of a bone

Question 17

Cyanosis

Answer 17

Bluish discoloration of the skin resulting from poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood

Question 18

Decerebrate

Answer 18

In decerebrate posturing, the head is arched back, the arms are extended by the sides, and the legs are extended. A hallmark of decerebrate posturing is extended elbows. Decerebrate posturing indicates brain stem damage.

Question 19

Decorticate

Answer 19

Patients with decorticate posturing present with the arms flexed, or bent inward on the chest, the hands are clenched into fists, and the legs extended and feet turned inward. Decorticate posturing indicates that there may be damage to areas including the cerebral hemispheres, the internal capsule, and the thalamus.

Question 20

Dysuria

Answer 20

Painful or difficult urination

Question 21

Ecchymosis

Answer 21

A discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by bruising

Question 22

Edema

Answer 22

An excess of watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the body

Question 23

Erythema

Answer 23

Superficial reddening of the skin, usually in patches, as a result of injury or irritation causing dilatation of the blood capillarie

Question 24

Exophthalmos

Answer 24

Abnormal protrusion of the eyeball or eyeballs

Question 25

Fissure

Answer 25

Split or crack to form a long narrow opening

Question 26

Flaccid

Answer 26

A part of the body that is soft and hanging loosely or limply

Question 27

Hematoma

Answer 27

A solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues

Question 28

Hyperthermia

Answer 28

The condition of having a body temperature greatly above normal

Question 29

Hypospadias

Answer 29

A condition in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis, instead of at the tip

Question 30

Hypothermia

Answer 30

The condition of having an abnormally low body temperature, typically one that is dangerously low

Question 31

Jaundice

Answer 31

Yellowish pigmentation of the skin, caused by too much bilirubin

Question 32

Keloid

Answer 32

An area of irregular fibrous tissue formed at the site of a scar or injury

Question 33

Kyphosis

Answer 33

An exaggerated rounding of the back

Question 34

Murmur

Answer 34

A heart murmur is an extra or unusual sound heard during a heartbeat

Question 35

Nevus

Answer 35

Also known as a mole

Question 36

Nocturia

Answer 36

The need to wake and pass urine at night

Question 37

Normocephalic

Answer 37

Having a normal-sized head

Question 38

Pallor

Answer 38

An unhealthy pale appearance

Question 39

Palpation

Answer 39

The process of using one's hands to examine the body, especially while perceiving/diagnosing a disease or illness

Question 40

Paraphimosis

Answer 40

An uncommon medical condition in which the foreskin of an uncircumcised penis becomes trapped behind the glans penis, and cannot be reduced (pulled back to its normal flaccid position covering the glans).

Question 41

Petechiae

Answer 41

A small red or purple spot caused by bleeding into the skin

Question 42

Phimosis

Answer 42

A congenital narrowing of the opening of the foreskin so that it cannot be retracted

Question 43

Pleural Friction Rub

Answer 43

An audible medical sign present in some patients with pleurisy and other conditions affecting the chest cavity

Question 44

Polydactyly

Answer 44

Extra fingers on the hands or toes on the feet

Question 45

Pronation

Answer 45

Rotation of the hand or forearm so that the surface of the palm is facing downward or toward the back

Question 46

Ptosis

Answer 46

Drooping of the upper eyelid due to paralysis or disease, or as a congenital condition

Question 47

Purpura

Answer 47

A rash of purple spots on the skin caused by internal bleeding from small blood vessels

Question 48

Pustule

Answer 48

A small blister or pimple on the skin containing pus

Question 49

Rebound tenderness

Answer 49

Pain upon removal of pressure rather than application of pressure to the abdomen; Blumberg's sign

Question 50

Retraction

Answer 50

When the area between the ribs and in the neck sinks in when a person with asthma attempts to inhale

Question 51

Rhonchi

Answer 51

Coarse rattling respiratory sounds, usually caused by secretions in bronchial airways

Question 52

S1S2

Answer 52

The two major sounds of the normal heart sound like lub dub""

Question 53

Sclera

Answer 53

The white outer layer of the eyeball

Question 54

Strabismus

Answer 54

A condition in which the visual axes of the eyes are not parallel and the eyes appear to be looking in different directions

Question 55

Striae

Answer 55

Irregular areas of skin that look like bands, stripes, or lines

Question 56

Stridor

Answer 56

A harsh vibrating noise when breathing, caused by obstruction of the windpipe or larynx

Question 57

Supination

Answer 57

Rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm faces forward or upward

Question 58

Tachypnea

Answer 58

Abnormally rapid breathing

Question 59

Thrill

Answer 59

An abnormal fine tremor or vibration in the respiratory or circulatory systems felt on palpation

Question 60

Tic

Answer 60

An involuntary, compulsive, rapid, repetitive, stereotyped movement or vocalization

Question 61

Turgor

Answer 61

The state of turgidity and resulting rigidity of cells (or tissues), typically due to the absorption of fluid

Question 62

Umbilicus

Answer 62

Navel or belly button

Question 63

Vesicle

Answer 63

A fluid- or air-filled cavity or sac

Question 64

Wheal

Answer 64

An area of the skin that is temporarily raised, typically reddened, and usually accompanied by itching

Question 65

Wheeze

Answer 65

Breathing with a whistling or rattling sound in the chest, as a result of obstruction in the air passages