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Health Assessment > Test 2 Heart and Lungs-Cher > Flashcards

Test 2 Heart and Lungs-Cher Flashcards

1
Q

Type of respirations that is like tachypnea but deeper?

A

kussmauls

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2
Q

Type of respirations that come with brainstem injury?

A

Biots

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3
Q

DKA can be seen with what type of respiration?

A

Kussmauls

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4
Q

Orthopnea

A

Difficulty breathing when supine

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5
Q

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

A

Awakening from sleep short of breath and needing to be upright to achieve comfort

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6
Q

normal costal angle?

A

90 degrees

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7
Q

What is sternal angle?

A

Junction between the manubrium and sternal body (manubriosternal joint). Also called “angle of Louis”.

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8
Q

What do you ask people with orthopnea?

A

How many pillows do you use?

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9
Q

What type of sound can be heard when percussing over an air filled cavity?

A

Tympany

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10
Q

What type of sound can be heard when percussing over lung fields (normal lung tissue)?

A

Resonance

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11
Q

What type of sound can be heard when percussing over the liver?

A

Dullness

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12
Q

What type of sound can be heard when percussing over muscle?

A

Flatness

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13
Q

What is the one way we will palpate the thorax?

A

Check for symmetry of respiratory excursion

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14
Q

What type of breath sounds do we hear over the lungs?

A

Vesicular

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15
Q

What type of breath sounds do we hear over the trachea?

A

Bronchial

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16
Q

Which is lower pitched, vesicular or bronchial breath sounds?

A

Vesicular

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17
Q

Inward movement of the area between the ribs; associated with increased respiratory effort

A

Subcostal retraction

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18
Q

Indrawing of the abdomen just below the sternum

A

Substernal retraction

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19
Q

Indrawing between the ribs

A

Intercostal retraction

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20
Q

When tissues are drawn in above the clavicle (shoulder girdle).

A

Suprasternal Retraction

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21
Q

In what type of respirations do the chest and belly alternate?

A

see-saw respirations

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22
Q

A posture that uses three points of support, typically used by patients with pulmonary problems as they lean forward, use their arms for support, and lift the chest to increase breathing capacity

A

tripod position

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23
Q

How should we auscultate the lungs? Compare _____ to _____.

A

Side to Side

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24
Q

What makes a sound discontinuous?

A

Very short. Not at all musical. Ex: bubble wrap or crack

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25
What are the 2 discontinuous lung sounds?
Crackles | Pleural friction rub
26
What are the 3 continuous lung sounds?
Wheeze Rhonchi Stridor
27
Which type of lung sound has a more musical nature?
Continuous
28
What is head bobbing in a baby a sign of?
Respiratory Distress
29
What is grunting in a child a sign of?
Respiratory Distress
30
Crackles are usually heard only on:
inspiration
31
Newborns are Obligate nose breathers until __ months.
3
32
Breath sounds loud and harsh is normal for:
infants
33
Anterior transverse diameter = __:__ so it is _______ as wide as it is deep).
1:2, twice
34
What sounds are: 1. Relatively high pitched (easy to hear) 2. Expiratory phase is long (at least as long as inspiratory if not longer) 3. Tiny gap between inspiration and expiration
Bronchial breath sound
35
Aair filled bubble =
vesicle
36
What sounds are: 1. Lower in frequency 2. No silent pause 3. shorter expiratory phase
Vesicular breath sounds (lungs)
37
Our ears are designed to hear 1000-5000 hertz but lung sounds are less than ___ hertz this is why we have to listen directly to the skin.
500
38
How do we auscultate the heart sounds?
``` Aortic Pulmonic Erbs point (s1 and s2 same loudness) Tricuspid Mitral Then Gently listen with bell in reverse ```
39
What do we hear at: Right chest wall 2nd intercostal space
Aortic Valve
40
What do we hear at: Left sternal border intercostal space
pulmonic
41
What do we hear at: 3rd intercostal space left sternal border
Erbs
42
What do we hear at: t5h intercostal space right sternal border
Tricuspid
43
Where is the PMI?
5th intercostal space mid-clavicular line
44
What doe we hear at: 5th intercostal space mid-clavicular line
PMI
45
When is S1
Closure of AV valves
46
When is S2
Closer of semilunars
47
Which sound is systole?
S1
48
Which sound is diastole?
S2
49
Best place to hear S1
Apex
50
Where is S2 loudest?
Base of the heart
51
Where can you hear both heart sounds equally?
Erb's Point
52
Turbulent blood flow causes:
Murmurs
53
What can make blood flow in the heart turbulent?
Stenosis of valves
54
Where can S3 be heard?
After S2
55
What extra heart sound comes after S2
S3
56
Where would you expect to hear S4?
Before S1
57
Murmurs can be _____ or _____?
Systolic of diastolic
58
Bruit
Sounds that you hear when you are not listening to the heart. Anywhere there is turbulent blood flow outside the heart.
59
Thrill
You can feel a thrill. Turbulent blood flow you can feel.
60
How can you tell if Friction Rub is cardiac or respiratory?
Ask patient to hold breath
61
Which part of the stethoscope would you use to hear a bruit?
Bell
62
If you are listening for a bruit what do you use?
Bell
63
You can hear a _____ and you can feel a _____
Bruit | Thrill
64
Pulse deficit
Ex: Even though you can hear a heart rate of 88 you can only feel a pulse of 75
65
Apical Impulse is easier to see in:
Children
66
Where would you see a heave in the Right ventricle?
At sternal border
67
Is the JVP palpable?
No
68
Should you palpate both carotid arteries at once?
no
69
How many fingers do you use to palpate the apical pulse?
1 finger pad
70
What do you ask the client to do when you are palpating the apical pulse?
Exhale and hold
71
What makes it hard to find an apical pulse?
Obesity and thick chest walls
72
What do we use to palpate the precordium?
Palmer aspect of fingers
73
What 3 paces on the precordium do we palpate?
Apex Left sternal border Base
74
Where to we auscultate the heart?
``` Aortic Pulmonary Erb's Tricuspid Mitral ```
75
When auscultating the heart start wit what part of the stethoscope?
Diaphragm
76
Tricuspid and Mitral valve closes during:
Systole
77
Pulmonary and aortic valves open during:
Systole
78
Pulmonary and aortic valves close during
Diastole
79
Tricuspid and mitral valves open during
Diastole

Health Assessment (26 decks)

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