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Health Assessment > Test 2 Heart and Lungs-Cher > Flashcards

Test 2 Heart and Lungs-Cher Flashcards

1
Q

Type of respirations that is like tachypnea but deeper?

A

kussmauls

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2
Q

Type of respirations that come with brainstem injury?

A

Biots

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3
Q

DKA can be seen with what type of respiration?

A

Kussmauls

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4
Q

Orthopnea

A

Difficulty breathing when supine

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5
Q

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

A

Awakening from sleep short of breath and needing to be upright to achieve comfort

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6
Q

normal costal angle?

A

90 degrees

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7
Q

What is sternal angle?

A

Junction between the manubrium and sternal body (manubriosternal joint). Also called “angle of Louis”.

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8
Q

What do you ask people with orthopnea?

A

How many pillows do you use?

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9
Q

What type of sound can be heard when percussing over an air filled cavity?

A

Tympany

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10
Q

What type of sound can be heard when percussing over lung fields (normal lung tissue)?

A

Resonance

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11
Q

What type of sound can be heard when percussing over the liver?

A

Dullness

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12
Q

What type of sound can be heard when percussing over muscle?

A

Flatness

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13
Q

What is the one way we will palpate the thorax?

A

Check for symmetry of respiratory excursion

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14
Q

What type of breath sounds do we hear over the lungs?

A

Vesicular

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15
Q

What type of breath sounds do we hear over the trachea?

A

Bronchial

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16
Q

Which is lower pitched, vesicular or bronchial breath sounds?

A

Vesicular

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17
Q

Inward movement of the area between the ribs; associated with increased respiratory effort

A

Subcostal retraction

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18
Q

Indrawing of the abdomen just below the sternum

A

Substernal retraction

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19
Q

Indrawing between the ribs

A

Intercostal retraction

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20
Q

When tissues are drawn in above the clavicle (shoulder girdle).

A

Suprasternal Retraction

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21
Q

In what type of respirations do the chest and belly alternate?

A

see-saw respirations

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22
Q

A posture that uses three points of support, typically used by patients with pulmonary problems as they lean forward, use their arms for support, and lift the chest to increase breathing capacity

A

tripod position

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23
Q

How should we auscultate the lungs? Compare _____ to _____.

A

Side to Side

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24
Q

What makes a sound discontinuous?

A

Very short. Not at all musical. Ex: bubble wrap or crack

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25
Q

What are the 2 discontinuous lung sounds?

A

Crackles

Pleural friction rub

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26
Q

What are the 3 continuous lung sounds?

A

Wheeze
Rhonchi
Stridor

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27
Q

Which type of lung sound has a more musical nature?

A

Continuous

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28
Q

What is head bobbing in a baby a sign of?

A

Respiratory Distress

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29
Q

What is grunting in a child a sign of?

A

Respiratory Distress

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30
Q

Crackles are usually heard only on:

A

inspiration

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31
Q

Newborns are Obligate nose breathers until __ months.

A

3

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32
Q

Breath sounds loud and harsh is normal for:

A

infants

33
Q

Anterior transverse diameter = __:__ so it is _______ as wide as it is deep).

A

1:2, twice

34
Q

What sounds are:

  1. Relatively high pitched (easy to hear)
  2. Expiratory phase is long (at least as long as inspiratory if not longer)
  3. Tiny gap between inspiration and expiration
A

Bronchial breath sound

35
Q

Aair filled bubble =

A

vesicle

36
Q

What sounds are:

  1. Lower in frequency
  2. No silent pause
  3. shorter expiratory phase
A

Vesicular breath sounds (lungs)

37
Q

Our ears are designed to hear 1000-5000 hertz but lung sounds are less than ___ hertz this is why we have to listen directly to the skin.

A

500

38
Q

How do we auscultate the heart sounds?

A 
Aortic
Pulmonic
Erbs point (s1 and s2 same loudness)
Tricuspid
Mitral
Then Gently listen with bell in reverse
39
Q

What do we hear at: Right chest wall 2nd intercostal space

A

Aortic Valve

40
Q

What do we hear at: Left sternal border intercostal space

A

pulmonic

41
Q

What do we hear at: 3rd intercostal space left sternal border

A

Erbs

42
Q

What do we hear at: t5h intercostal space right sternal border

A

Tricuspid

43
Q

Where is the PMI?

A

5th intercostal space mid-clavicular line

44
Q

What doe we hear at: 5th intercostal space mid-clavicular line

A

PMI

45
Q

When is S1

A

Closure of AV valves

46
Q

When is S2

A

Closer of semilunars

47
Q

Which sound is systole?

A

S1

48
Q

Which sound is diastole?

A

S2

49
Q

Best place to hear S1

A

Apex

50
Q

Where is S2 loudest?

A

Base of the heart

51
Q

Where can you hear both heart sounds equally?

A

Erb’s Point

52
Q

Turbulent blood flow causes:

A

Murmurs

53
Q

What can make blood flow in the heart turbulent?

A

Stenosis of valves

54
Q

Where can S3 be heard?

A

After S2

55
Q

What extra heart sound comes after S2

A

S3

56
Q

Where would you expect to hear S4?

A

Before S1

57
Q

Murmurs can be _____ or _____?

A

Systolic of diastolic

58
Q

Bruit

A

Sounds that you hear when you are not listening to the heart. Anywhere there is turbulent blood flow outside the heart.

59
Q

Thrill

A

You can feel a thrill. Turbulent blood flow you can feel.

60
Q

How can you tell if Friction Rub is cardiac or respiratory?

A

Ask patient to hold breath

61
Q

Which part of the stethoscope would you use to hear a bruit?

A

Bell

62
Q

If you are listening for a bruit what do you use?

A

Bell

63
Q

You can hear a _____ and you can feel a _____

A

Bruit

Thrill

64
Q

Pulse deficit

A

Ex: Even though you can hear a heart rate of 88 you can only feel a pulse of 75

65
Q

Apical Impulse is easier to see in:

A

Children

66
Q

Where would you see a heave in the Right ventricle?

A

At sternal border

67
Q

Is the JVP palpable?

A

No

68
Q

Should you palpate both carotid arteries at once?

A

no

69
Q

How many fingers do you use to palpate the apical pulse?

A

1 finger pad

70
Q

What do you ask the client to do when you are palpating the apical pulse?

A

Exhale and hold

71
Q

What makes it hard to find an apical pulse?

A

Obesity and thick chest walls

72
Q

What do we use to palpate the precordium?

A

Palmer aspect of fingers

73
Q

What 3 paces on the precordium do we palpate?

A

Apex
Left sternal border
Base

74
Q

Where to we auscultate the heart?

A 
Aortic
Pulmonary
Erb's
Tricuspid
Mitral
75
Q

When auscultating the heart start wit what part of the stethoscope?

A

Diaphragm

76
Q

Tricuspid and Mitral valve closes during:

A

Systole

77
Q

Pulmonary and aortic valves open during:

A

Systole

78
Q

Pulmonary and aortic valves close during

A

Diastole

79
Q

Tricuspid and mitral valves open during

A

Diastole

Health Assessment (26 decks)

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