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Health Assessment > Exam 3 (Josh) - Ears > Flashcards

Exam 3 (Josh) - Ears Flashcards

1
Q

Top of the ear is the ——-

A

Helix

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2
Q

You can push on this part of the ear to assess for pain.

A

Tragus

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3
Q

The Eustachian Tube is located in which part of the ear?

A

Middle Ear

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4
Q

Which direction should the cone of light be pointing in a healthy Tympanic Membrane (TM)?

A

right ear = 5:00
left ear = 7:00

note: always should be pointing towards the chin of the client

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5
Q

If the cone of light fails to appear (or appear in unlikely spot) on inspection, what is the likely cause?

A

pressure/inflammation of the middle/inner ear

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6
Q

Why are children more likely to get ear infections than an adult?

A

they have a more hollow, straight eustachian tube that doesn’t allow for good drainage, leading to pressure build up

also easier for pathogens to remain, or come up from the nasal area

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7
Q

The central hearing apparatus of the ear is located where?

A

cochlea

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8
Q

The ———– connects the middle ear with the nasopharynx and allows for the passage of air.

A

eustachian tube

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9
Q

Clinical term for ear wax is ——-

A

cerumen

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10
Q

The visible part of the ear that is located outside of the canal is called what?

We pull on this to inspect the inside.

A

auricle

aka: pinna

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11
Q

Clinical term for an ear-ache or ear pain?

A

otalgia

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12
Q

Otitis Media

A

inflammation of the middle ear (behind the TM, in the eustachian tube)

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13
Q

Otorrhea

A

fluid discharge of the ear

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14
Q

Otosclerosis

A

gradual bone formation that causes the footplate of the stapes to become fixed in the oval window, impeding the transmission of sound and causing progressive deafness

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15
Q

A common cause of conductive hearing loss in young adults (age 20-40) is ——–

A

ostosclerosis

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16
Q

A ———- hearing loss involves a mechanical dysfunction of the external/middle ear.

A ——— hearing loss signifies some pathology of the inner ear (CN VIII) or the auditory areas of the cerebral cortex.

A

conductive

sensorineural

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17
Q

A client with damage to CN VIII has which type of hearing loss?

A

sensorineural

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18
Q

A client with damage to the external/middle ear has which type of hearing loss?

A

conductive

19
Q

The gradual sensorineural hearing loss caused by nerve degradation that slowly progresses after the age of 50?

Affects 60% of those >65

A

presbycusis

mostly high-frequency sound loss

20
Q

90% of all children

A

otitis media

due to the slope and size of the eustachian tubes

21
Q

57% of older adult hearing loss can be attributed to what?

A

impacted cerumen

22
Q

What causes cerumen to build up in greater amounts in older age?

A

cilia lining the ear canal become coarse and stiff, causing cerumen to accumulate and oxidize

the cerumen itself is dryer due to atrophy of the apocrine glands

23
Q

Differentiate b/t dry cerumen and wet cerumen.

A

dry cerumen is gray and flaky and frequently forms a thin mass in the ear canal

wet cerumen is honey to dark brown and moist

24
Q

What does a clinical presentation of otorrhea suggest?

A

infected canal or perforated eardrum

25
Q

What is Tinnitus?

A

ringing in the ears

white noise helps with this

26
Q

What causes tinnitus?

A

cerumen impaction, otitis media

27
Q

Objective Vertigo vs. Subjective Vertigo

A 
Objective = the room is spinning
Subjective = person feels they are spinning
28
Q

Why inspect the skin of the outer ear? What are we looking for?

A

signs of skin cancer

29
Q

Normal ear - eye alignment is ——. Anything greater can be seen in which type of disorder?

A

10 degrees

> 10 degrees may be a sign of Down’s Syndrome

30
Q

When assessing the TM, we pull on the adult’s pinna ——– and the child’s ——-.

A 
Adults = up and out
Child = straight down
31
Q

In the Rinne Test (tuning fork) sound is heard longer/greater where?

A

AC > BC

air conduction should be greater (twice as long) as bone conduction

32
Q

Placing the tuning fork in the midline of the forehead to check to symmetry of hearing is called?

A

Weber Test

sound should not lateralize

33
Q

The Whisper Test is used to detect the loss of which type of hearing?

A

high pitch

34
Q

Are tuning fork tests (Rinne & Weber) good assesments of hearing?

A

No

close to 40% of normal hearing people lateralize with the Weber test

35
Q

Meniere’s Disease leads to the loss of which type of hearing (conductive or sensorineurual).

A

sensorineural

happens in the inner ear

36
Q

Assessing children, the accoustic blink is used for what ages?

A

newborn - 4 mths

37
Q

At what age can a child localize a sound (in assessing for hearing) and respond to their name?

A

6-8 mths

38
Q

Normal TMs look….

A
  • shiny & transulscent
  • pearly gray
  • cone of light in proper location
39
Q

Which attachment is used to check the TM of a child by blowing on it?

A

pneumatic bulb attachment

used to check for pressure behind TM

40
Q

Why is it best to assess a child’s hearing at the end?

A

it is very invasive and they don’t like it

41
Q

What is the purpose of a PE tube?

A

pressure equalizing tube

used to equalize the pressure in the inner ear by placing a small hole in the TM

42
Q

In Presbycusis, which is harder to hear, consonants or vowels?

A

consonants

they are higher pitched

43
Q

Which ear is usually the first to face age related hearing loss?

A

left ear

driving w/ window down

44
Q

What is the unique situation where people who’ve lost hearing and/or sight have developed hallucinations in sight and sound?

A

Charles Bonnet Syndrome

10% of the impaired are subject to these hallucinations

Health Assessment (26 decks)

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