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Health Assessment > Test2-Peripheral Vascular System-MJ > Flashcards

Test2-Peripheral Vascular System-MJ Flashcards

1
Q

Do the arteries carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?

A

Oxygenated

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2
Q

Are the artery walls low or high pressure systems?

A

High pressure systems

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3
Q

What kind of muscle do the arteries contain?

A

Smooth

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4
Q

What artery supplies blood to the arm?

A

Brachial

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5
Q

The brachial artery splits into what two arteries?

A

Radial and ulnar

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6
Q

Where do you find the dorsalis pedis pulse?

A

Tendon from top of the foot to great toe

The pulse is lateral adjacent to that tendon

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7
Q

Claudication is similar to angina, but it is called claudication in the ___.

A

Legs

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8
Q

What is claudication the result of?

A

Peripheral artery disease

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9
Q

During claudication the blood flow is ___ than the muscle demand

A

Less

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10
Q

What does claudication cause?

A

Muscle pain and fatigue when walking

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11
Q

Are veins superficial or deep?

A

Superficial

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12
Q

Do veins carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?

A

Deoxygenated

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13
Q

Are veins low or high pressure systems?

A

Low

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14
Q

How does blood get back to the heart–how does it defy gravity? (3 answers)

A
  1. Contracting muscles “milk” the veins
  2. Inspiration creates negative pressure
  3. One-way valves in the vein
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15
Q

Why does bed rest=danger?

A

Increased risk of DVT

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16
Q

What are some other ways that DVT is increased?

A 
Airplanes
Long period of sitting
Smoking
Birth control
BED REST!!!
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17
Q

T or F: Lymphatics are a completely separate vessel system?

A

TRUE

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18
Q

What do the lymphatics do?

A

Retrieves excess fluid and plasma proteins

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19
Q

What system in the body are the lymphatics a major part of?

A

Immune system

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20
Q

What are lymph nodes?

A

Small, oval clumps of lymphatic tissue

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21
Q

What do the lymph nodes do?

A

Filter fluid before it returns to the bloodstream

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22
Q

Can you feel lymph nodes in most people?

A

No; you can in children though

23
Q

What are the 4 “headquarter” lymph nodes?

A

Cervical nodes
Axillary nodes
Epitrochlear nodes
Inguinal nodes

24
Q

What do the cervical nodes drain?

A

Head and neck

25
Q

What do the axillary nodes drain?

A

Breast and upper arm

26
Q

Where is the epitrochlear node near?

A

The elbow

27
Q

What does the epitrochlear node drain?

A

Hand and lower arm

28
Q

What does the inguinal nodes drain?

A

Lower extremity, external genitalia, and anterior abdominal wall

29
Q

What do you inspect for in the upper extremities?

A 
Skin color
Temp
Texture
Skin turgor
Nail bed color
Clubbing
Cap refill
30
Q

For the upper extremities, where do you feel the temperature?

A

Feel temp at the BACK of the hand (the dorsal surface)

31
Q

What do you inspect on the lower extremities?

A 
Skin color
Temp
Hair distribution
Venous pattern
Size
Lesions or ulcers
32
Q

For lower extremities, why is important to look for hair distribution pattens?

A

Hair distribution in the lower extremities means there is bad circulation to the lower extremities

33
Q

What may occur to the lower extremities when blood is able to come down, but it can’t drain back out?

A

Venous or arterial stasis

34
Q

Usually, what is more seen: venous or arterial stasis?

A

Venous

35
Q

How is venous stasis characterized by?

A

Brawny edema
Skin coarse, thick, and hard
Pulse is still normal
Skin is brownish color

36
Q

Why is the skin a brownish color in venous stasis?

A

The RBC are leaked into the tissue and are dying or being lysed and the iron is leaving the RBCs

37
Q

If a patient had arterial stasis, would we still be able to feel their pulse like we can with venous stasis?

A

No

38
Q

What is raynaud phenomenon and where is this seen?

A

This is due to arterial spasms and blood cannot get where they need to go. This happens in the upper extremities

39
Q

What are the characteristics of Raynaud Phenomenon?

A

Colors of red, white, and blue patterns

Cold hands

40
Q

If a patient has Raynaud Phenomenon, what can you tell them to do when they feel an onset of symptoms?

A

Tell them to swing their arms around like a wheel (a circumferential movement)

41
Q

What is the pulse grading chart?

A 
3+ = full, bounding
2+ = normal
1+ = weak, thready
0 = absent
42
Q

How do we find femoral pulses, particularly in obese people?

A
  • Ask the person to bend their knees to the side like a froglike position
  • Press firmly, then slowly release, noting the pulse tap under your fingertips
  • If the pulse is weak or diminished, auscultate the site for a bruit
43
Q

What side of the stethoscope do we listen to a bruit with?

A

The bell (low pitched sound)

44
Q

How do you find the posterior tibial pulse?

A

Curve fingers around the medial malleous, the pulse is somewhere in between medial malleous and Achilles tendon

45
Q

Where is the dorsalis pedis pulse?

A

Lateral to tendon of the great toe

46
Q

How many seconds do you press for when checking edema?

A

5 seconds

47
Q

What is it called when edema is only on one side?

A

Unilateral edema

48
Q

When does unilateral edema occur?

A

With occlusion of a deep vein

49
Q

Unilateral or bilateral edema occurs with _______.

A

Lymphatic obstruction

50
Q

What are the characteristics when it is lymphatic obstruction?

A

Brawny or non-pitting and feels hard to the touch

51
Q

Are lymph nodes normally palpable?

A

No

52
Q

When are there enlarged lymph nodes?

A

Infection
Malignancy
Immunologic disease

53
Q

Are lymph nodes in infants and children palpable?

A

Yes

54
Q

How do lymph nodes in children feel?

A

Small
Firm (shotty)
Mobile
Non-tender

Health Assessment (26 decks)

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