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Health Assessment > Test2-Neurological System-MJ > Flashcards

Test2-Neurological System-MJ Flashcards

1
Q

What is cranial nerve I and what is its function?

A

Olfactory; smell

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2
Q

What is cranial nerve II and what is its function?

A

Optic; vision

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3
Q

What is cranial nerve III and what is its function?

A

Oculomotor;
Motor: Most EOM movement; Opening of eyelids
Parasympathetic: Pupil constriction; lens shape

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4
Q

What is cranial nerve IV and what is its function?

A

Trochlear; down and inward movement of the eye

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5
Q

What is cranial nerve V and what is its function?

A

Trigeminal;
Motor: muscles of mastication
Sensory: sensation of face and scalp, cornea, mucous membranes of mouth and nose

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6
Q

What is cranial nerve VI and what is its function?

A

Abducens; lateral movement of eye

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7
Q

What is cranial nerve VII and what is its function?

A

Facial;

Motor: facial muscles, close eyes, labial speech, close mouth

Sensory: taste (anterior 2/3 of tongue)

Parasympathetic: salvia and tear secretion

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8
Q

What is cranial nerve VIII and what is its function?

A

Acoustic; hearing and equilibrium

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9
Q

What is cranial nerve IX and what is its function?

A

Glossopharyngeal
Motor: pronation and swallowing

Sensory: Taste on posterior 1/3 of tongue

Parasympathetic: Parotid gland, carotid reflex

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10
Q

What is cranial nerve X and what is its function?

A

Vagus;
Motor: talking and swallowing

Sensory: General sensation from carotid body, carotid sinus, pharynx, viscera

Parasympathetic: Carotid reflex

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11
Q

What is cranial nerve XI and what is its function?

A

Spinal accessory; movement of trapezius and sternomastoid muscle

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12
Q

What is cranial nerve XII and what is its function?

A

Hypoglossal; Movement of tongue

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13
Q

Why do we have reflexes?

A

Protection

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14
Q

What is the reflex arc?

A
  • Involuntary defense mechanism

- Also helps with balance and muscle tone

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15
Q

What are the 4 types of reflexes?

A

Deep tendon
Superficial
Visceral
Pathologic

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16
Q

What is an example of a deep tendon reflex?

A

Knee jerk

17
Q

What is an example of a superficial reflex?

A

Corneal and abdominal

18
Q

What is an example of a visceral reflex?

A

Pupillary

19
Q

What is an example of a pathologic reflex?

A

Babinski

20
Q

What does a 4+ reflex mean?

A

Very brisk, hyperactive with clonus, indicated disease

21
Q

What does a 3+ reflex mean?

A

Brisker than average, probably normal

22
Q

What does a 2+ reflex mean?

A

Average, normal

23
Q

What does a 1+ reflex mean?

A

Diminished, low normal, or requires reinforcement

24
Q

What does a 0 reflex mean?

A

No response

25
Q

How do you determine if a patient has clonus?

A

Dorsiflex the foot and support the leg and hold pressure; there is involuntary, continuous movement in the foot

26
Q

When checking for reflexes, where do you focus: the reflex or the muscle movement?

A

Muscle movement

27
Q

When checking biceps reflex, where do you look?

A

Biceps muscle

28
Q

When checking triceps reflex, where do you look?

A

Triceps

29
Q

When checking patellar tendon, where do you look?

A

Quadriceps reflex

*Make sure to know how to check this reflex if a patient is laying in bed

30
Q

When checking the Achilles reflex, where do you look?

A

Focus on calf muscle

31
Q

What reflex is normal in infants but not normal to see in adults?

A

Positive babinski (fanning of the toes)

32
Q

What are some examples of cerebellar function tests?

A
  • Rapid alternating movements
  • Finger to finger test
  • Finger to nose test
  • Heal to shin test
  • Romberg test (heels together)
  • Gain
33
Q

What is a vibration test used to determine?

A

Peripheral neuropathy (no vibrations means you have this)

34
Q

What type of patients may have no vibrations, and hence no peripheral neuropathy

A

Diabetics

Alcoholics

35
Q

What is stererognosis?

A

The only way to know what is in the hand is by looking at it (done in the hand)

36
Q

What is graphesthesia?

A

Trace/write a number on a hand with the fingers, if the patient can’t tell you the number, there is a problem with the cortex

37
Q

What two rigidities are seen with brain injuries?

A

Decorticate rigidity

Decerebrate rigidity

38
Q

What rigidity is seen with a lesion of the cerebral cortex?

A

Decorticate rigidity

39
Q

What rigidity is seen with a lesion of the spinal cord?

A

Decerebrate rigidity

Health Assessment (26 decks)

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