Test2-Neurological System-MJ

Question 1

What is cranial nerve I and what is its function?

Answer 1

Olfactory; smell

Question 2

What is cranial nerve II and what is its function?

Answer 2

Optic; vision

Question 3

What is cranial nerve III and what is its function?

Answer 3

Oculomotor;
Motor: Most EOM movement; Opening of eyelids
Parasympathetic: Pupil constriction; lens shape

Question 4

What is cranial nerve IV and what is its function?

Answer 4

Trochlear; down and inward movement of the eye

Question 5

What is cranial nerve V and what is its function?

Answer 5

Trigeminal;
Motor: muscles of mastication
Sensory: sensation of face and scalp, cornea, mucous membranes of mouth and nose

Question 6

What is cranial nerve VI and what is its function?

Answer 6

Abducens; lateral movement of eye

Question 7

What is cranial nerve VII and what is its function?

Answer 7

Facial;

Motor: facial muscles, close eyes, labial speech, close mouth

Sensory: taste (anterior 2/3 of tongue)

Parasympathetic: salvia and tear secretion

Question 8

What is cranial nerve VIII and what is its function?

Answer 8

Acoustic; hearing and equilibrium

Question 9

What is cranial nerve IX and what is its function?

Answer 9

Glossopharyngeal
Motor: pronation and swallowing

Sensory: Taste on posterior 1/3 of tongue

Parasympathetic: Parotid gland, carotid reflex

Question 10

What is cranial nerve X and what is its function?

Answer 10

Vagus;
Motor: talking and swallowing

Sensory: General sensation from carotid body, carotid sinus, pharynx, viscera

Parasympathetic: Carotid reflex

Question 11

What is cranial nerve XI and what is its function?

Answer 11

Spinal accessory; movement of trapezius and sternomastoid muscle

Question 12

What is cranial nerve XII and what is its function?

Answer 12

Hypoglossal; Movement of tongue

Question 13

Why do we have reflexes?

Answer 13

Protection

Question 14

What is the reflex arc?

Answer 14

• Involuntary defense mechanism

- Also helps with balance and muscle tone

Question 15

What are the 4 types of reflexes?

Answer 15

Deep tendon
Superficial
Visceral
Pathologic

Question 16

What is an example of a deep tendon reflex?

Answer 16

Knee jerk

Question 17

What is an example of a superficial reflex?

Answer 17

Corneal and abdominal

Question 18

What is an example of a visceral reflex?

Answer 18

Pupillary

Question 19

What is an example of a pathologic reflex?

Answer 19

Babinski

Question 20

What does a 4+ reflex mean?

Answer 20

Very brisk, hyperactive with clonus, indicated disease

Question 21

What does a 3+ reflex mean?

Answer 21

Brisker than average, probably normal

Question 22

What does a 2+ reflex mean?

Answer 22

Average, normal

Question 23

What does a 1+ reflex mean?

Answer 23

Diminished, low normal, or requires reinforcement

Question 24

What does a 0 reflex mean?

Answer 24

No response

Question 25

How do you determine if a patient has clonus?

Answer 25

Dorsiflex the foot and support the leg and hold pressure; there is involuntary, continuous movement in the foot

Question 26

When checking for reflexes, where do you focus: the reflex or the muscle movement?

Answer 26

Muscle movement

Question 27

When checking biceps reflex, where do you look?

Answer 27

Biceps muscle

Question 28

When checking triceps reflex, where do you look?

Answer 28

Triceps

Question 29

When checking patellar tendon, where do you look?

Answer 29

Quadriceps reflex *Make sure to know how to check this reflex if a patient is laying in bed

Question 30

When checking the Achilles reflex, where do you look?

Answer 30

Focus on calf muscle

Question 31

What reflex is normal in infants but not normal to see in adults?

Answer 31

Positive babinski (fanning of the toes)

Question 32

What are some examples of cerebellar function tests?

Answer 32

- Rapid alternating movements - Finger to finger test - Finger to nose test - Heal to shin test - Romberg test (heels together) - Gain

Question 33

What is a vibration test used to determine?

Answer 33

Peripheral neuropathy (no vibrations means you have this)

Question 34

What type of patients may have no vibrations, and hence no peripheral neuropathy

Answer 34

Diabetics | Alcoholics

Question 35

What is stererognosis?

Answer 35

The only way to know what is in the hand is by looking at it (done in the hand)

Question 36

What is graphesthesia?

Answer 36

Trace/write a number on a hand with the fingers, if the patient can't tell you the number, there is a problem with the cortex

Question 37

What two rigidities are seen with brain injuries?

Answer 37

Decorticate rigidity | Decerebrate rigidity

Question 38

What rigidity is seen with a lesion of the cerebral cortex?

Answer 38

Decorticate rigidity

Question 39

What rigidity is seen with a lesion of the spinal cord?

Answer 39

Decerebrate rigidity