Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

World Civ > Unit 2 Notes > Flashcards

Unit 2 Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Aegean Age

A

The stone and bronze civilizations that flourished around the Aegean sea.
7000-1000 BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Greece Geography

A

Rocky Landscape
1/4 land is farmable
lacked abundant natural resources
Used the sea and trade to meet their needs
Greece was not a unified country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How were greek city-states unified

A

Through trade, war and common language/religion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Bronze age Civilizations and locations

A

Trojan: Asia Minor (north)
Mycenaean: Mainland Greece (middle)
Minoan: Island of Crete (south)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sea Empire

A

Based out of Knossos (City in Crete)
Controlled trade
‘very beautiful people’
rich despite small population
loss of control from 1700-1750 BCE
Destroyed by natural disaster
Myth of ‘Lost city of Atlantis’ is based on Sea Empire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mycenae

A

Greatest city on Mainland
As resources decreased, Greeks set up new colonies across the Aegean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Troy

A

Strongest Colonial city
Known for Trojan War
Rebuilt up to 10 times

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Trojan War

A

Around 1300 BCE king Agamemmnon of Mycenae united most of Greece
Troy was the only military and economic rival
war starts over trade routes
Troy is destroyed after 10 year war
Homer records the stories of ‘Iliad and Odyssey’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Minoans

A

A bronze Age Aegean civilization on Crete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

King Minos

A

Mythical King of Crete Son of
Zeus and Europa
Creates successful code of laws for Crete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Knossos

A

Crete’s leading city
Running by Minoans
Invaded by the Mycenaeans around 1450 BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Greek Dark Ages

A

1100-800 BCE
Invasions, migrations, disasters and social problems lead to a period of poverty
Writing and the arts decline
No written record for another 400 years
Around 1100 BCE a series of natural disasters and invasions from barbarians (like the Dorians) ended Mycenaean control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Death and afterlife beliefs

A

After your final breath, your psyche leaves your body.
After you die you go to the underworld for Judgement
Underworld is ruled by Hates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Psyche

A

The spirit/mind/soul

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Three parts of the underworld

A

Tartarus: Hell

Asphodel Meadows: Kind of good, kind of bad. Less perfect than earth

Elysian Fields: Heaven

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Oracle at Delphi

A

Where you go to ask important questions

Bring offerings to the Oracle and she will give you a ‘prophesy’ to answer your question

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The Olympics

A

Started as a way to honor the Olympic Gods

Every 4 years, each city-state competes in different events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Polis

A

A Greek city-state

small, autonomous, distinct city

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Hoplites

A

City (citizen) soldiers in Greece

Usually farmers or artisans

40-45% of men were part of it

Started the phalanx theory/war strategy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Orthodoxy vs. Orthopraxy

A

Right belief vs Right practice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Olympians and Chthonic Gods

A

12-14 Olympic Gods (zeus, poseidon, ect)

Chthonic Gods are gods of the underworld, more greedy and required more sacrifices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Athens

A

Ruled by tyrants around 700 BCE

Wealthy aristocrats

Discontent and violent

Slavery makes Athens possible

Slave labor made time for political engagement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Draco

A

Harsh Athens dictator

wrote legal code/constitution

Kept people under control

gave people equality

Started juries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

‘Draconian measures’

A

over the top punishments for small offenses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Solon

A

Replaces Draco

Wise, influential leader

Eliminates debt-bond slavery/mortgages

softens punishments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Hippocrates

A

philosophers that looked at how the body functions

27
Q

Phalanx

A

A war strategy/formation where warriors interlocked with eachothers’ shields with their spears poking through

they moved together as one group

28
Q

Athens Golden Age

A

480-404 BCE

Political military and economic dominance

Pericles (Greek politician at the time)

29
Q

Sparta

A

Rulers of Laconia

Militant state

Lycurgus starts the ‘Spartan State’

Very strict punishments and control

Facist/communist philosophy

‘State before the individual’

30
Q

Helots

A

Spartan state owned slaves

Helots rebelled for 30 years

31
Q

Spartan Isolationism

A

Released from the military at 40

Could marry at 20, but lived with military until 30

Selective breeding and exposure

limited trade

32
Q

Spartan women’s rights

A

Women had almost equal rights because they were responsible to run the family estates while the men were at war

also had inheritance rights

33
Q

Classical Greece time period

A

510-323 BCE

34
Q

Pericles

A

In favor of direct democracy/general assembly legislature

started a cultural explosion. had the Acropolis built and (parthenon)

Shakespeare play about Pericles. A comedy

35
Q

Sophists

A

Believed that there’s no absolute truth

‘the end justifies the means’

36
Q

Socrates

A

Started Socratic Method

‘wisest man in greece’

criticized Athenian life and questioned everything

eventually executed for challenging and questioning Athens too much

The athens plague was blamed on him

37
Q

Plato

A

Came up platonic ideals “true forms”

Thought Athens was run by mob rule

his book ‘Republic’ writes about how the government should function

thought democracy was one of the worst ways to run the government

thought you should work at whatever your best at and don’t let the government tell you what your job should be.

founded ‘the academy for young minds’

38
Q

Aristotle

A

Taught by Plato

Believed in the observable world

founded the scientific method

believed in realism

very practical

studied the physical world

39
Q

Herodotus

A

Father of history

Famous for recounting the Greek-Persian wars

Not the most reliable source

40
Q

First Persian war

A

Invaded the Ionian Greeks.

Greeks fought back so the Persians invaded Marathon in 490 BCE. and the outnumbered Athenians defeated the Persians.

41
Q

Second Persian Wars

A

480-479 BCE

King Xeres of Persia invades Greece

Persians Destroy Athens

42
Q

Persian Battle of Thermopylae

A

Spartans hold back the persians long enough for Athenians to evacuate.

All spartans are killed and Athens is destroyed

43
Q

Persian Battle of Salamis

A

Greek city-states defeat Persians in a naval battle

Persians look control of ocean (ports and trade)

44
Q

Persian Battle of Marathon

A

Athenian man sees Persians coming and runs 26.2 miles to warn Athens of invasion.

Runner dies, but Athens is to be prepared and attack them when they arrive.

Athens defeats Persia.

45
Q

Delian League

A

Athens and surrounding city-states come together to fight against persians.

Athens starts it and tries to become an Athenian empire and use the contributed money to rebuild Athens

46
Q

Peloponnesian League

A

Sparta and other city-states leave Delian League and form another league to fight the Persians.

Sparta later invades Athens and kills and exiles thousands.

47
Q

Peloponnesian war time-frame

A

431-404 BCE

48
Q

Rule of 30 Tyrants

A

Spartan oligarchy of 30 men take over Athens.

Later overthrown and killed by spartan army

49
Q

Spartan downfall

A

Sparta is seen as an invincible military force but are defeated by Thebes.

No longer seen as a threat or powerful

50
Q

The third persian war time-frame

A

334-323 BCE

51
Q

Darius III

A

Persian King. Fights Alexander the Great

52
Q

Alexander the Great

A

Macedonian King

Replaces King Philip

Fights against King Darius III

dies from Malaria

53
Q

Alexander the Great war strategy

A

“hammer and anvil”

54
Q

Battle of Granicus

A

First of three battles between Darius III and Alexander the Great

First victory for Alexander’s invasion of Persia

55
Q

Battle of Issos

A

Persians trick Alexander and come from backside where they find hospital tents and cut off the hands of all Macedonians

Darius runs away and as Alexander goes after him he plunders and conquers Issos along with surrounding city-states.

56
Q

Battle of Gaugamela

A

Same thing as Issos

Darius runs away and lets Alexander have his thrown

Alexander then rules all of persia and Macedonia

57
Q

King Philip of Macedonia

A

Wants to be part of Greece

Threatens and sets up alliances to join Greece

58
Q

League of Corinth

A

All the city-states that agreed to have alliances with King Philip

59
Q

Parthenon

A

Temple on Athenian Acropolis

Built for Goddess Athena

60
Q

Classical Philosophy

A

helps us understand the way we think and why we think that way

61
Q

Pre-socratic philosophy

A

found natural explanations and rejecting super-natural explanations for things

62
Q

Natural Laws

A

Laws of nature. Not governmental
(the way things are)

63
Q

Acropolis

A

Means ‘high city’

constructed on a hill above Greece

World Civ (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions