Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

World Civ > Unit 12 Notes: American & French Revolutions > Flashcards

Unit 12 Notes: American & French Revolutions Flashcards

1
Q

Military Causes of American Revolution

A

French and Indian War
French and indians fought against the british and colonists
British ‘occupation’
Proclamation line of 1763

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Proclamation Line of 1763

A

A line that the colonists couldn’t cross and go west.
British didn’t want colonists to expand west because they would have to fight off natives which was expensive.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Social Causes of American Revolution

A

English loyalty and identity
people didn’t want nobility, and wanted more equality
‘Sons of liberty’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sons of Liberty

A

Propaganda group very interested in independence
Samuel Adams and Paul Revere help start Sons of Liberty
responsible for organizing Boston Tea Party

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Economic causes of the American Revolution

A

Taxation
British increase taxes to pay off french and indian war
Shipping
Britain wants all trade to be sent to them before shipping to other countries so they get the money
Colonists would smuggle trades into other countries without going through britain
Tobacco prices
Tobacco is sold on credit.
It crashes and british banks were collapsing
People started calling in loans and economy crashes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Political causes of American Revolution

A

Enlightenment ideas
Liberty, tyranny, sovereignty
Local government
“Virtual” representation
Taxation without representation
First continental congress
They set up committees and come together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Boston Massacre

A

Locals didn’t like that british soldiers would take extra jobs that they needed
The protests got the soldiers involved and colonists died
Paul revere creates drawing to put British in very bad light to rial people up against the british

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Stamp act

A

It imposed a tax on all papers and official documents in the American colonies, but not in England.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

townshend act

A

“luxury tax”
taxes on glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea.
rich people riled up the poor people to help them stop the taxes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

tea act

A

Lowers price of tea but stopped the smuggling of tea which made them mad
Leads to Boston Tea Party
$4 million in damages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

intolerable acts

A

Closed Boston Harbor
Caused a lot of unemployment
Made people very mad
Stripped local government
Took power from colonists
Sent people from Britain to rule
Quartering act
Government can’t force people to house soldiers
Second Continental Congress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Second Continental Congress

A

Creates Olive Branch Petition, 1775
signs declaration of Independence 1776
George Washington becomes leader of second continental congress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Olive Branch Petition

A

Tries to see if they can get their rights back and they will behave better
King George III says no, and says they will be charged with treason if they continue to fight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

written mostly by Thomas Jefferson
adopted July 4th 1776 during second continental congress
signed august 2nd 1776 during second continental congress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Early British Sucesses

A

Lexington and Concord
Bunker Hill
New York
Philadelphia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lexington and Concord

A

First unofficial battle of Revolutionary War
Occurred in Massachusetts
John Hancock and John Adams were there
“Shot heard around the world”
British success, but a lot more british die than colonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Battle of Bunker Hill

A

British storm Breed’s hill hoping to scare away colonists
Colonists have high ground and start destroying British
British have way more men and eventually win
“Don’t shoot till you see the whites of their eyes”
1000 british die, 300 colonists die
Shows how determined british are to end the revolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Common Sense

A

written by Thomas Payne
advocated for independence from the British

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Battle of Long Island (new york)

A

Hessians (German militia) helped fight with British
British drive people to Philadelphia where continental Congress flees
George Washington loses battles and it looks like British are about to win the war

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Battle of trenton

A

American Victory
Dec. 1776
Morale is down so Washington crosses Delaware and storms Trenton and attacks Hessians at night.
Killed 30, captured 980.
Boosts morale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Battle of Saratoga

A

When the rest of the world notices the Revolutionary war.
Primarily France
French support America after Saratoga

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

General Burgoyne

A

British General that takes british south from Canada to attack Colonists
They can’t make the trip from canada to Philadelphia
Many die and they run out of supplies
They are surrounded by colonists and forced to surrender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Valley Forge

A

2000 colonists die of cold and starvation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Marquis de Lafayette

A

20 year old french aristocrat that helps train the colonists
Washington allows him to lead a battle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Frederich von Stueben

A

Russian captain that trains the colonists to become soldiers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Battle of Yorktown

A

October 1781
Final major battle of Revolutionary war
British surrender
British set up camp
French fleet arrives and traps the british in chesapeake bay because the british are cut off from trade and supplies.
Takes one month for british to surrender

27
Q

Treaty of Paris

A

British are forced to acknowledge America as independent country
1783
The British still have some trade rights and can occupy Canada.

28
Q

Military causes of French Revolution

A

Seven Years War (French & Indian War)
American Revolution
These wars cause a lot of debt

29
Q

Social causes of french revolution

A

The Old Regime
Feudalism
Feudal states get pulled into France
Bourgeoise
The rich, upper class
Proletariat
Working, lower class

30
Q

economic causes of french revolution

A

Taxation
Raises very high taxes for war
Royal debt
Economic recession
High taxes and grain shortage leads to economic
problems
Grain shortages
Makes everything very expensive

31
Q

political causes of french revolution

A

Poor leadership
Louis and Marie
Enlightenment ideas
Three estates

32
Q

three estates

A

Religious leaders (Clergy)
Royal Leaders
Poor and lower class

33
Q

Meeting of the Estates - 1789

A

3rd estate rebels
They have no power in government because the
nobility and clergy would always vote against them
They were locked out of the National Assembly
The third estate meets at tennis court and makes
Tennis Court Oath
They start their own government and passing laws

34
Q

storming of Bastille - July 14th

A

The third estate storms the bastille to get gun powder to fight the monarchy.
The people destroy the Bastille brick by brick
Bastille Day = French Independence Day - July 14th

35
Q

The national assembly

A

They take power from Louis
Write the declaration of the Rights of Man
Church is now controlled by the government

36
Q

Limited constitutional monarchy

A

Louis loses power to make laws
He has power to enforce laws

37
Q

Radicals

A

Wanted pure democracy
Wanted the king gone
Very extreme

38
Q

Jacobin Club

A

Very smart, highly educated radical group that wanted philosophical change

39
Q

Sans-culottes

A

Radical commoners
Wore long trousers to show that they were against the monarchy and rich
Long pants were a symbol of revolutionists

40
Q

moderates

A

Wanted some change in government, but not total reform
Wanted democracy
Weren’t as extreme as radicals
Wanted more change than conservatives

41
Q

conservatives

A

Supported limited monarchy.
Wanted the monarchy, but wanted limited power for the King
Third estate was strict Catholic Conservatives.
They didn’t like that the church was paying France’s debts.
They thought the church was getting attacked

42
Q

radicals take control

A

War with Austria 1792
september massacres
execution of Louis
National convention
committee of public safety 1793

43
Q

september massacres

A

Half the prison population murdered
1600 prisoners

44
Q

execution of Louis

A

Beheaded
National assembly becomes national convention after Louis’s death

45
Q

national convention

A

Republic
Men get the right to vote and hold office
Vendee Rebellion
Counter revolution killing supporters of the
revolution
Killed 15-20,000 revolutionists
Sunk people on boats

46
Q

committee of public safety

A

Group of 12 men
Maximilien Robespierre becomes leader
Conscription
‘Draft’
Forcing people into the military or labor

47
Q

price fixing

A

Trying to prevent monopolies, hoarding and economic collapse

48
Q

reign of terror

A

Guillotine
Committee of public safety uses terror as means of control
Robespierre initially against killing people, eventually called for hundreds of thousands of deaths.

49
Q

thermidorian reaction

A

Convention turns against Robespierre
Robespierre executed 1794
Realizes how many people have been killed and their mistakes

50
Q

directory

A

Created in 1795 after Robespierre execution
Helps bring country to order and ends reign of terror

51
Q

napoleon

A

People love Napoleon
Born in Corsica
Graduates military school at 16
Joins army of new government when French revolt
Fought at battle of Toulon, 1793
Artillery lieutenant

52
Q

napoleon defense of the directory

A

Government of moderates after Robspierre’s death
Defends directory from loyalist protests
Napoleon fires on crowd of civilian’s immediately
Seen as good guy that protects the revolutionists
Given credit for saving the revolution

53
Q

Napoleon’s victory in italy 1796-97

A

Fights the austrians
Crosses the alps and destroys austrians
Becomes extremely popular

54
Q

egypt 1798

A

Battle of the pyramids
Battle of the nile
Napoleon loses but the government doesn’t allow the people to know about his losses because they like him.
French propaganda makes people think that Napoleon won

55
Q

coup detat 1799

A

Napoleon is made commander in chief because of his popularity
He takes his army and marches on the directory and takes over
Becomes ‘first consul’
Made emperor, 1804

56
Q

victory over the 3rd coalition

A

battle of austerlitz

57
Q

napoleon’s reforms

A

National Bank
Creates economic stability
Civil service system
Government entities where people work for the
government
Creates government schools to train children to be
leaders
Put in charge by merit, not birth or class
Napoleon let’s church be independent
Let’s church be involved in church, but not
government
The Napoleonic Code
Laws to protect peace and control
Restricts freedom of speech and press
Restores colonial slavery for economic reasons

58
Q

fall of napoleon

A

Rebellion on St. Domingue
Napoleon brings slavery back to the Louisiana territory
Uprising against slavery
He sends troops into stop the rebellion
He can’t stop them due to the large rebellion and malaria kills large amount of troops

59
Q

louisiana purchase

A

Sold Louisiana territory to America because he couldn’t control the land and he needed money for boats and equipment.

60
Q

the continental system

A

French try to stop countries trading with Britain.
Napoleon can’t enforce other countries to stop trade. They rely on British trade

61
Q

the peninsular war

A

Spain won’t conform to the continental trade so Napoleon sends troops in to force them to be part of the Continental system
He loses most of his troops and loses a lot of money
He puts his brother on the Spanish throne and the people hate him.

62
Q

invasion of russia

A

Raises massive army
They can’t feed all the troops
Seizing of moscow
The Russians burn anything in Russia that the French
could use
They fight over Moscow then find that it is burned to
the ground
Napoleon surrenders
1814
He gives up his throne
He was exiled to Elba
He escapes and comes back to france
King Louis XVIII takes over and leaves after Napoleon
comes back
100 Days
Napoleon rules for 100 days and tries to raise armies
and take over Belgium
He is exiled permanently to St. Helena
Dies 7 years later

63
Q

the congress of vienna

A

legitimacy
The only legitimate rulers of europe are the royal
families
Old rulers are put back on their thrones

64
Q

concert of europe

A

A pact that will end republic revolution
Every country will help end democracy wherever each country has revolts

World Civ (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions