Unit 2 - Glycolsis

Question 1

four stages of cell respiration

Answer 1

1) glycolysis
2) pyruvate oxidation
3) Krebs cycle
4) oxidative phosphorylation

Question 2

Glycolysis

Answer 2

lysis of sugar

Question 3

4 Facts abt Glycolysis

Answer 3

1) glycolysis splits one mol of glucose (hexose) into two smaller mols of pyruvate (triose)
2) occurs in cytoplasm
3) both aerobic and anaerobic
4) prevents diffusion of glucose out of the cell

Question 4

Investment of ATP

Answer 4

uses 2 ATP results in a payout of 2 NADH and 2 ATP
= pyruvate is lower energy than glucose

Question 5

Overall rxn

Answer 5

glucose + 2ADP + 2NAHpi =
2pyruvate + 2NADH +2H + 2ATP

Question 6

Stages of Glycolysis

Answer 6

1) investment steps 1-3
2) 4-5
3) Payout steps 6-10

Question 7

Investment steps

Answer 7

glucose is phosporylated by adding 2 phosphates from 2 mols of ATP to give first glucose-6-phosphate and then fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

Question 8

Steps 4 and 5

Answer 8

the fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is split using water (hydrolysis) to make G3P =
glyceraldhyde-3-phosphate

Question 9

what is the point of the investment stage?

Answer 9

glucose can now no longer leave the cell

Question 10

Payout oxidation steps 6-10

Answer 10

• G3P is oxidized (loss e-) and phosphorylated forming 2 pyruvates
• coenzyme NAD+ collects the hydrogen ions forming 2 reduced NADH

Question 11

step 1

Answer 11

phosphorylation of glucose by ATP

Question 12

step 2-3

Answer 12

rearrangement followed by a second phosphorylation

Question 13

step 4-5

Answer 13

the 6-c mol is split into two 3c mols, one G3P, another converted into G3P; dihydroxyacetone phosphate through isomerase rxn

Question 14

step 6

Answer 14

oxidation followed by phosphorylation producing two NADH mol and two mols of BPG with one high energy phosphate bond

Question 15

step 7

Answer 15

removal of high energy phosphate by two ADP mols produces 2 ATP mols produces two ATP mols and leaves two G3P

Question 16

step 8-9

Answer 16

removal of water yeilds two PEP mols each with a high energy phosphate bond

Question 17

step 10

Answer 17

removal of high energy phosphate by 2 ADP mols producing two ATP mols and 2 Pyruvates

Question 18

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Answer 18

• 2 mols of reduced NADH go to ETC part 4 of respiration
• 4 ATP r produced but we used 2 so we have a net gain of 2 ATP

Question 19

Glycolysis transfers how much free energy

Answer 19

2.2% available in one mol of glucose of ATP
+ some energy is release as heat but most is trapped in pyruvate