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AP Psychology > Unit 12 > Flashcards

Unit 12 Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychological disorder

A

Syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion, regulation, or behavior

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2
Q

Medical model

A

Concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and cured through treatment in a hospital

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3
Q

Antisocial personality disorder

A

A person (usually men) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing even toward friends & family may be aggressive and ruthless

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4
Q

Epigenetics

A

Study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur w/o a DNA change

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5
Q

DSM-5

A

American Psychiatric Associations diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th edition, a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders

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6
Q

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A

Psychological disorder marked by extreme inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity

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7
Q

Anxiety disorders

A

Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety, or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety

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8
Q

Social anxiety disorder

A

Intense fear and avoidance of social situations

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9
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder (GED)

A

An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of automatic nervous system arousal

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10
Q

Agoraphobia

A

Fear or avoidance of crowds or wide open spaces, where one feels loss of control & panic

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11
Q

Panic disorder

A

Anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes - long episodes of intense dread, (panic attacks) —> feeling like you’re choking. Followed by worry over a possible attack

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12
Q

Phobia

A

Anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear & avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation

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13
Q

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

A

Disorder characterized by unwanted, repetitive thoughts (obsession), actions (compulsion), or both

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14
Q

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A

Disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and lingering insomnia

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15
Q

Major depressive disorder

A

A person experiences 2+ weeks w/ 5+ sympoms, at least 1 must be 1. Depressed mood or 2. Loss of interest or pleasure

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16
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

A person alternates between hopelessness of depression and mania

(Manic-depressive disorder)

17
Q

Mania

A

A hyperactive, wildly optimistic state where dangerously poor judgement is common

18
Q

Schizophrenic

A

Disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and/or inappropriate emotional expression

19
Q

Psychotic disorders

A

Group of disorders marked by irrational ideas, distorted perceptions, and a loss of contact with reality

20
Q

Hallucinations

A

False sensory experiences, like seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus

21
Q

Delusion

A

A false belief, often that may accompany psychotic disorders

22
Q

Chronic schizophrenia

A

(Process schizophrenia)

A form of schizophrenia where symptoms appear by late adolescence to early adulthood. As people age, psychotic episodes last longer & recovery periods shorten

23
Q

Acute schizophrenia

A

(Reactive schizophrenia)

A form of schizophrenia that can begin at any age, frequently occurs in responses to a traumatic event

24
Q

Somatic symptom disorder

A

Psych. disorder where the symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form w/o apparent physical cause

25
Q

Conversion disorder

A

Disorder related to somatic symptom disorder in which a person experiences very specific physical symptoms that aren’t compatible with recognized medical or neurological conditions.

26
Q

Illness anxiety disorder

A

Related to somatic disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations of a disease.

27
Q

Dissociative disorders

A

Rare, controversial disorders with conscious awareness becoming separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings

28
Q

Dissociative identity disorder (DID)

A

Dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits 2+ distinct & alternating personalities (multiple personality disorder)

29
Q

Personality disorders

A

Inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

30
Q

Binge-eating disorder

A

Significant binging episodes, followed by distress, guilt, but w/o throwing up, etc.

31
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

ED where person (usually female) maintains a starvation diet despite being underweight; sometimes with excessive exercise.

32
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

An ED where a person’s binge eating is followed by by inappropriate weight-loss methods (vomiting, fasting, laxative, excessive exercise)

AP Psychology (15 decks)

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