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AP Psychology > Unit 1 - Biological Bases Of Behaviors > Flashcards

Unit 1 - Biological Bases Of Behaviors Flashcards

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1
Q

Promoted functionalism

A

William James

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2
Q

Influenced functionalism, concept of natural selection

A

Charles Darwin

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3
Q

First woman President of the American Psychological Association

A

Mary Whiton Calkins

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4
Q

1st official female psychology P.H.D

A

Margaret Floy Washburn

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5
Q

Dismissed introspection & redefined psychology as “the scientific study of observable behaviors” — creators of behaviorism

A

John B. Watson & B.F. Skinner

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6
Q

Psych should be an objective science that studies behavior w/o reference to mental processes (must agree w/ the first part)

A

Behaviorism

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7
Q

Creator of psychoanalytic psych. How our unconscious mind & child experiences affect our behavior. (Is controversial & has mommy issues)

A

Sigmund Freud

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8
Q

The study of mental processes, when we perceive, learn, remember, think communicate, & solve problems

A

Cognitive Pyschology

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9
Q

The controversy over whether we think & behave the way we we do because of genes or because of experience

A

Cognitive Neuroscience

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10
Q

Survival of the fittest — Charles Darwin

A

Natural Selection

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11
Q

Study of evolution of behavior & the mind, using principles of natural selection

A

Evolutionary Psychology

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12
Q

Study of the relative power & limits of genetic & environmental influences on behavior

A

Behavior Genetics

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13
Q

The behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, & traditions shared by a group of people that is transmitted through generations

A

Culture

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14
Q

Scientific study of human flourishing w/ goals of promoting strength that help individuals & communities to thrive

A

Positive Psychology

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15
Q

Integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural viewpoints

A

Biopsychosocial approach

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16
Q

Scientific study of observable behavior & its explanation by the principles of learning

A

Behavioral Psychology

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17
Q

Scientific study of the links between biological & psychological processes

A

Biological Psychology

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18
Q

Branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior and use that to treat people with disorders

A

Psychodynamic Psychology

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19
Q

The study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking

A

Social-cultural Psychology

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20
Q

Enhanced memory after retrieving rather than re-reading information

A

Testing effect

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21
Q

A study method incorporating survey, question, read, retrieve, & review

A

SQ3R

22
Q

Scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits

A

Psychometrics

23
Q

Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base

A

Basic Research

24
Q

A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the lifespan.

A

Developmental psychology

25
Q

Study of how psychological processes affect & can enhance teaching and learning

A

Educational Psychology

26
Q

Study of individual’s characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and acting

A

Personality Psychology

27
Q

Scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

A

Social Psychology

28
Q

Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

A

Applied Research

29
Q

The application of psychological concepts and method to optimize human behavior in workplaces

A

Industrial Organizational (1/0) Psychology

30
Q

Field of psychology allied with I/O psychology that explores how people and machines interact & how environments can be made safe & easy to use

A

Human factors psychology

31
Q

Branch of psychology that assists people w/ problems in living & in achieving greater well-being

A

Counseling psychology

32
Q

Branch of psychology that studies, assesses, & treats people w/ psychological disorders

A

Clinical psychology

33
Q

Branch of medicine dealing with/ psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who are licensed to provide medical treatments & psychological therapy

A

Psychiatry

34
Q

Branch of psychology that studies how people interact w/ their social environments & how social institutions affect individuals & groups

A

Community Psychology

35
Q

Russian Psychologist who pioneered the study of learning

A

Ivan Pavlov

36
Q

Swiss biologist who observed children

A

Jean Piaget

37
Q

Pioneer who led the way to humane treatment of those w/ psychological disorders

A

Dorothea Dix

38
Q

Researchers must be willing to be surprised and follow new ideas

A

Humility

39
Q

Being skeptical but not cynical (mocking), open, but not gullible. Trust the facts.

A

Scientific attitude

40
Q

How we conduct research, gather data, process information, & describe behaviors

A

Scientific inquiry

41
Q

Opposite of black/white thinking, examines assumptions, appraises the source, & discerns biases, evaluates evidence, & assesses conclusions.
(Fancy thinking) (Thinking for try-hards)

A

Critical thinking

42
Q

What we know comes from experience, observation & experimentation enable scientific knowledge. (Knowledge comes from experience)

A

Empiricism

43
Q

Started the first psychological lab (German).

A

Wilhelm Wundt

44
Q

Wundt’s student, created first formal psychology lab in the U.S.

A

G. Stanley Hall

45
Q

Introduced structuralism

A

Edward Bradford Titchener

46
Q

Used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind

A

Structuralism

47
Q

Looking inward. Ex. I think about how I feel when I smell a cookie, or see a rose.

A

Introspection

48
Q

Explored how mental & behavioral processes function — how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish

A

Functionalism

49
Q

How our mind processes & retains info

A

Cognition

50
Q

Long standing controversy over the relative contributions that genes & experience make to development of traits and behaviors

A

Nature-nurture issue

AP Psychology (15 decks)

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