U4 Summative (+ Joints) Flashcards
Synovial
fluid in the middle, freely moves
Cartilagineous
cartilage in the middle, slightly moves
Fibrous
does not move (e.g. skull sutures, teeth)
Diathroses
freely moves
Amphiarthrosis
slightly moves
Synarthroses
no movement
Joint: Ball & Socket
allows backward, forward, sideways, and rotating movements (e.g. shoulder and hip joints)
- structure = synovial
- function = diathroses
Joint: Pivot
allows for rotation (e.g. arm rotating outward supination and inward pronation)
- structure = synovial
- function = diathroses
Joint: Gliding
typically occurs with flat bones (e.g. waving of the hand)
- structure = synovial
- function = diathroses
Joint: Condyloid
two bones (condyles) articulating with another to form a joint; able to bend and move more than a hinge joint! (e.g. hands)
- strucure = synovial
- function = diathroses
Joint: Hinge
made up of two or more bones with articular surfaces that are covered by hyaline cartilage and lubricated by synovial fluid (flexion, extension)
- structure = synovial
-function = diathroses
Joint: Saddle
thumb bones (e.g. snapping)
- structure = synovial
- function = diathroses
Joint: Circumduction
circles (e.g. shoulder able to rotate as muscles are very intricate in this location)
- structure = synovial
- function = diathroses
Movement: Extension & Flexion
extension = increase the angle between bones, flexion = decrease the angle between bones
Movement: Circumduction
circular rotation (of the forearm)
Movement: Supination & Pronation
supinate = turn part of body upwards (palm anterior), pronate = turn part of body downwards (palm posterior)
Movement: Abduction & Adduction
adduct = towards the body, abduct = away from the body
Movement: Protraction & Retraction
protract = protruding or sticking out, retract = sinking in (shoulder blades)
Movement: Elevation & Depression
downward and upward movements of the scapula or manible (e.g. shoulder shrugging)
Movement: Opposition & Reposition
opposition = grasping of the thumb and fingers, reposition = restoring to natural position
Movement: Dorsiflexion & Plantar Flexion
dorsiflexion = foot points up, plantar flexion = foot naturally rests on the ground
Movement: Excursion
protrusion = move anterior, retrusion = move posterior, excursion = move jaw side-to-side
Movement: Hyperextend
extend beyond normal
Movement: Rotation
turn on a swivel
