U4 Interim #1 (Axial Skeleton)

Question 1

Illiac crest

Answer 1

ridgelike projection (e.g. illiac crest of hip)

Question 2

Facet

Answer 2

small, nearly flat articular surface, limits bones from moving too far/overloading

Question 3

Foramen

Answer 3

opening or hole

Question 4

Meatus

Answer 4

tube like pathway (e.g. ear canal/external acoustic meatus)

Question 5

Sinus

Answer 5

air filled cavity within bone

Question 6

Spine

Answer 6

thornlike projection aka spinous process (bumps)

Question 7

Condyle

Answer 7

a rounded process of the bone, forming an articulation with another bone (bone-meets-bone)

Question 8

Fossa

Answer 8

shallow basin, receives articulating bones

Question 9

Line

Answer 9

slightly raised ridge

Question 10

Tuberosity

Answer 10

knoblike raised elevation, attachment of muscles or ligaments

Question 11

Fovea

Answer 11

tiny pit or depression, attachment site

Question 12

Head

Answer 12

rounded enlargement at the end of a bone

Question 13

Trochanter

Answer 13

large process, attachment site

Question 14

Tubercle

Answer 14

small knoblike process, attachment site

Question 15

How many bones? Different divisions?

Answer 15

206 bones; axial and appendicular

Question 16

Axial skeleton

Answer 16

head, skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage, sternum, hyoid bone

Question 17

Bones of the skull/cranial bones

Answer 17

• Frontal
• Parietal
• Temporal
• Occipital
• Sphenoid bone (butterfly shaped, base of cranium behind the eye and below the front part of the brain)
• Ethmoid bone (center of skull between the eyes, holes present)
• Maxilla (upper jaw)
  -Mandible (lower jaw)
• Zygomatic bone (cheekbone)
• Vomer bone (forms nasal septum)
• Lacrimal bone (forms eye socket, anterior to the ethmoid bone)

Question 18

Fontanels

Answer 18

soft spots on infant’s skull

Question 19

Coronal suture

Answer 19

Between frontal and parietal bone

Question 20

Lambdoidal suture

Answer 20

Between the parietal and occipital bone

Question 21

Squamosal suture

Answer 21

Between temporal and parietal bone

Question 22

Sagittal suture

Answer 22

Between parietal bones

Question 23

Supraorbital foramen

Answer 23

Hole above the eye

Question 24

Infraorbital foramen

Answer 24

Hole below the eye

Question 25

Mental foramen

Answer 25

Hole on the chin

Question 26

Foramen Magnum

Answer 26

Hole at the bottom of the skull (where spinal cord passes through)

Question 27

Vertebral Column

Answer 27

24 vertebrae total
1). Cervical (C1-C7)
2). Thoracic (T1-T12)
3). Lumbar ( L1-L5)
4). Sacrum
5). Coccyx (tailbone)

Question 28

Thoracic Cage

Answer 28

12 pairs of ribs total
- First 7 pairs are “true ribs”
- Next 3 pairs are “false ribs” (connects to coastal/ hyaline cartilage as opposed to sternum)
- Last 2 pairs are “floating” (not connected to sternum OR coastal cartilage)

Question 29

Zygomatic arch

Answer 29

bridge of bone extending from the temporal bone at the side of the head around to the maxilla (upper jawbone) in front and including the zygomatic (cheek) bone as a major portion

Question 30

Styloid process

Answer 30

bone protruding from the temporal bone, “pointy”

Question 31

Mastoid process

Answer 31

bone protruding from the temporal bone behind the ear where neck muscles are attached (facilitates the movement of the tongue, pharynx, larynx, hyoid bone, and mandible); behind the styloid process, “concave”

Question 32

Manubrium

Answer 32

upper broad segment of the sternum

Question 33

Body

Answer 33

Longest part of the sternum

Question 34

Xiphoid process

Answer 34

lower part of the sternum, can be damaged during CPR

Question 35

Sternal angle

Answer 35

marks the point at which the costal cartilages of the second rib articulate with the sternum (right below the manubrium)

Question 36

C-1

Answer 36

ATLAS

Question 37

C-2

Answer 37

AXIS

Question 38

Structure of vertebrae

Answer 38

• Body
  -Spinous process/”bump”
• Vertebral foramen (where spinal cord is)
• Transverse process (sides of vertebrae)
• Articular facets (superior/inferior parts of verebrae)

Question 39

Nasal bone

Answer 39

right between the eyes, above the maxilla on the center of the skull