U3 Interim - Skin Disorders

Question 1

Erythema

Answer 1

reddening of the skin, typically in patches as a result of injury or irritation (skin rash)

Question 2

Urticaria

Answer 2

hives; welts; caused by an allergic reaction to certain foods, medications, stress, or other irritations

Question 3

Hematoma

Answer 3

a bad bruise; when an injury causes blood to collect and pool under the skin

Question 4

Tinea Pedis

Answer 4

athletes foot; a foot ringworm infection that causes inflammation, itching, burning, skin peeling, etc. ; fungus spread primarily to feet/toes in damp areas

Question 5

Pallor

Answer 5

an unhealthy pale appearence; caused by anemia, shock, low blood sugar, or an underlying chronic condition

Question 6

Acne Vulgaris

Answer 6

when hair follicles get clogged with oil and dead skin cells; small red bumps, blackheads, whiteheads; present during puberty

Question 7

Vitiligo

Answer 7

chronic autoimmune disorder that causes patches of skin to lose pigment; melanocytes are attacked/destroyed

Question 8

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Answer 8

type of skin cancer caused by UV light exposure; shiny bumps/growths/scars visible on skin

Question 9

Jaundice

Answer 9

skin and whites of eyes turn yellow due to high levels of bilirubin; formed from the breakdown of red blood cells; symptom of liver disease

Question 10

Petechiae

Answer 10

pinpoint spots of bleeding that occur under the skin; cause by fungal, viral, bacterial infections, or other skin injuries such as sunburn

Question 11

Melanoma

Answer 11

“black tumor”; when melanocytes start to grow out of control; spreads quickly, very dangerous; caused by overexposure to UV rays, or genetic

Question 12

Albinism

Answer 12

rare genetic condition leading to someone having very light colored skin, hair, and eyes, mutations lead to defective melanocytes unable to synthesize melanin

Question 13

Ecchymosis

Answer 13

medical term for bruises; when blood pools under your skin from a blood vessel break

Question 14

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Answer 14

when your immunse system attacks healthy tissue in your body; cause is unknown, but most likely linked to enviornmental, genetic, and hormonal factors; inflammatory disease

Question 15

Alopecia

Answer 15

hair loss; autoimmune disease resulting in hair loss anywhere where hair is found on the body

Question 16

Keloids

Answer 16

thick rsaised scar; formed when body sends too much collagen to a skin injury; can be removed

Question 17

Cyanosis

Answer 17

bluish or grayish color of skin, nails, lips, or around eyes; caused by low oxygen levels in the blood

Question 18

Skin Color

Answer 18

A. Genetic: varying melanin amounts, size of melanin (albinos lack melanin)
B. Enviornmental: sunlight, UV, x-rays
C. Physiological: carotene (orange), jaundice (hepititis), hematoma (bruise), erythema (skin redness), pallor (pale), cyanosis (blue/low O2)
D. Skin markings: moles, birthmarks

Question 19

Dermal BV dilation

Answer 19

The widening of blood vessels, increasing the amount of blood flow to the top of the skin and allowing heat to be released.

Question 20

Dermal BV constriction (VASOCONSTRICTION)

Answer 20

The tightening of blood vessels, minimizes heat loss.