Types of Deserts Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

In deserts what is the main source of erosion?

A

Air or wind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In glaciers what is the main agent of erosion?

A

ice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

_____ and _____ can be sensitive indicators to climate change

A

deserts, drylands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Deserts make up how much of Earth’s land area?

A

25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the two criteria that a “desert” has to meet for it to be a desert?

A
  • Must receive less then 255mm of rainfall per year
  • sparsely vegetated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do we split up, divide, or categorize deserts?

A

two categories:

  • deserts formed by global air circulation
  • deserts formed by local climate conditions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which two types of deserts are formed based on their location on the globe (global air circulation)?

A
  • subtropical deserts
  • polar deserts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Global circulation units lead to up flows of warm and wet air at the ______

A

equator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

bands of ______ form some of the major deserts

A

latitudes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Subtropical deserts are located at approximately _____ degrees North and _____ degrees South

A

30, 30

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where are polar deserts located?

A

at approximately 90 degrees North and south

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Do polar deserts get a lot of snow?

A

no, whatever snow they get just never goes away

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What 3 kinds of deserts form due to local climate conditions?

A
  • continental interior deserts
  • rain shadow deserts
  • coastal deserts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

_____ ______ deserts are located far inland

A

continental interior

e.g.

Gobi Desert, north China/ South Mongolia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Are continental interior deserts located close to a source of water?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where do rain shadow deserts form?

A

along mountain ranges

E.g.

death valley, rain blocked by Sierra Nevada mtns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mountain ranges serve as a _____ to block precipitation

A

barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What happens when clouds and weather systems come towards a mountain?

A

As clouds and weather systems come towards a mountain the steepness and height of a mountain forces that air system up and as it rises it drops a lot of it precipitation so by the time it reaches the other side of the mountain it is very dry air.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where do coastal deserts form?

A

along the oceans

e.g.

Atacama desert, Chile. Driest place on Earth

20
Q

Do coastal deserts form along the western or eastern side of continents?

A

western

21
Q

Coastal deserts form along the _____ side of continents because there are very cold ocean currents flowing next to the land.

A

western

22
Q

What do cold ocean currents cause?

A

cold air

23
Q

Cold air holds _____ moisture so there is ____ precipitation

A

less, little.

24
Q

Where is the Atacama desert?

A

in South America, along the Andes mountains

25
Q

As clouds and weather systems come towards a mountain the ______ and _____ of a mountain forces that air system up.

A

steepness, height

26
Q

As clouds and weather systems rises they drop a lot of _______ so by the time the system reaches the other side of the mountain there is very _____ air.

A

precipitation, dry

27
Q

Are deserts and glaciers rare or common environments?

A

rare

28
Q

Why are deserts and glaciers rare environments?

A

because water is not the main erosional force, air and ice are

29
Q

Deserts and Glaciers are two types of _____ environments

A

rare

30
Q

Deserts and Glaciers are two rare types of environments where _____ is not the main erosional force, but _____ is.

A

water, air/wind

31
Q

On the Earth there are very general ____ ____ ___ of air in the atmosphere

A

global circulation units

32
Q

Global circulation units lead to upflows of ____ and ____ air at the equator

A

warm, wet

33
Q

______ of warm and wet air flow away from the equator

A

upflows

34
Q

What direction do upflows flow?

A

north to south in a cyclic motion (circulate)

35
Q

Where are subtropical deserts located?

A

At about 30 degrees north and south

36
Q

What are two examples of subtropical desert?

A

Namibia and Sahara desert

37
Q

The ______ desert is the largest subtropical desert

A

Sahara

38
Q

Where are polar deserts located?

A
  • At 90 degrees north and south
  • near the poles
39
Q

Continental Interior Deserts become deserts simply because there is no local source of ______ to bring precipitation.

A

water

40
Q

By the time winds and air circulation reach areas deemed as Continental Interior Deserts, all of the _______ has been dropped, so there is none left to water these areas.

A

precipitation

41
Q

Mountain ranges serve as a _____ to block precipitation from reaching areas

A

barrier.

42
Q

The area on the other side of a mountain that does not receive a lot of precipitation could become a _______ desert.

A

rainshadow

43
Q

______ deserts form where there is cold ocean currents next to the land

A

Coastal

44
Q

Where do Coastal deserts form?

A
  • where there is cold ocean currents - along western edges of continents where there is very cold ocean currents flowing near the land
45
Q

Because cold air can’t hold very much ______ so there is not a lot of moisture forming along coastal desert areas.

A

moisture

46
Q

The cold ocean currents create ____ air above the ocean

A

cold