Igneous Rocks

Question 1

What are the three main categories or families of rocks?

Answer 1

Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic

Question 2

Rocks are solid ______ of minerals

Answer 2

aggregates

Question 3

Rocks are usually made up of…

Answer 3

several minerals as well as non-mineral content (organic debris, volcanic glass, etc)

Question 4

What does graininess refer to?

Answer 4

the size of its individual mineral grains

Question 5

______ is the size of a rocks individuals mineral grains

Answer 5

Graininess

Question 6

Rock formations depend on….

Answer 6

environmental conditions.

Rocks contain clues to decipher geological history

Question 7

How are igneous rocks formed?

Answer 7

from the solidification of magma

Question 8

the solidification of _____ forms igneous rocks?

Answer 8

magma

Question 9

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 9

by deposition of layers of sediment.

Particles of other rocks get lithified or solidified together

Question 10

A _______ rock has been altered from the original rock

Answer 10

metamorphic

Question 11

Metamorphic rocks are altered from their original rock due to these two factors…

Answer 11

high temperatures or high pressures

Question 12

Could a metamorphic rock original have been an igneous or sedimentary rock?

Answer 12

Yes, due to high temp or pressures the rock was metamorphosed

Question 13

The _____ cycle describes ways that rocks are transformed into different types of rocks, as well as how they melt and are broken down.

Answer 13

rock

Question 14

Igneous rocks are formed from the _____ and _______ of magma

Answer 14

cooling, crystallization

Question 15

What are the two main properties that dictate the type of igneous rock that forms out of the magma?

Answer 15

rate of cooling

the composition of the magma

Question 16

Igneous rocks are categorized by their…

Answer 16

grain size and silica content

Question 17

When magma cools very _____ then large crystals form

Answer 17

slowly
when magma cools very slowly the rock crystals that are forming have time to grow very large before they are fully solidified

Question 18

Where does magma have time to cool slowly?

Answer 18

underground

Question 19

We call rocks that are formed from slow cooling?

Answer 19

Coarse-grained
Intrusive
Plutonic

Question 20

What are the three plutonic igneous rocks?

Answer 20

Granite, Diorite, Gabbro

Each has large mineral crystals that can be easily seen

Question 21

_______ rocks form when magma is crystalized underground.

Answer 21

Plutonic

Question 22

When magma cools down quickly then _____ crystals form

Answer 22

small

the mineral crystals don’t have much time to grow before they solidify.

Question 23

We call rocks formed from quick cooling…

Answer 23

Fine-grained
Extrusive
Volcanic

Question 24

Volcanic rocks have ______ grains

Answer 24

small

Question 25

What are the three volcanic igneous rocks?

Answer 25

Rhyolite, Andesite, and Basalt

Question 26

Where do volcanic rocks form?

Answer 26

at or near the surface

Question 27

Do Volcanic Rocks form from the crystallization of magma or lava?

Answer 27

lava

Question 28

Do Intrusive rocks form from the crystallization of magma or lava?

Answer 28

magma

Question 29

What makes Pumice and Obsidian special igneous rocks?

Answer 29

They formed from a cooling of magma so rapid that there was no time for mineral grains to form

Question 30

We can group igneous rocks based on these two factors

Answer 30

mineral composition and rate of cooling g

Question 31

These type of igneous rocks have a high silica content

Answer 31

Felsic rocks

Question 32

What are three properties of Felsic rocks?

Answer 32

- High silica content (typical minerals quartz and feldspar) - light colored - constitute most of the continental crust

Question 33

What are two felsic rocks?

Answer 33

Granite and Rhyolite

Question 34

If two felsic rocks are pulverized, will they have the same mineral composition/make-up?

Answer 34

yes

Question 35

_____ and _____ are the two felsic rocks

Answer 35

Granite, rhyolite

Question 36

These type of igneous rocks have a low silica content

Answer 36

Mafic

Question 37

What are the four properties of mafic rocks?

Answer 37

- low silica content - contain more iron rich minerals - dark colored - constitute most of the oceanic crust

Question 38

Which igneous rock group constitutes most of the continental crust?

Answer 38

Felsic

Question 39

This type of igneous rock contains iron rich minerals like olivine and pyroxene/..

Answer 39

Mafic

Question 40

What are the two Mafic rocks?

Answer 40

Gabbro and basalt

Question 41

Gabbro and basalt are the two _____ rocks?

Answer 41

Mafic

Question 42

If I pulverized Gabbro and basalt would you be able to tell them apart?

Answer 42

No, because they are made of the same chemical content

Question 43

This type of igneous rock constitutes most of the oceanic crust

Answer 43

Mafic rocks

Question 44

What is the silica content of intermediate igneous rocks?

Answer 44

intermediate silica content

Question 45

What are the two intermediate igneous rocks?

Answer 45

Diorite and Andesite