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--Step Shit-- > Tumor Markers/Specific Stains > Flashcards

Tumor Markers/Specific Stains Flashcards

1
Q

What tissue is indicated by positive staining for:

Vimentin

A

Mesenchymal tissues (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, macrophages)

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2
Q

What tissue is indicated by positive staining for:

S-100

A

Neural Crest Cells

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3
Q

What tissue is indicated by positive staining for:

Desmin

A

Muscle

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4
Q

What tissue is indicated by positive staining for:

Cytokeratin

A

Epithelial cells

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5
Q

What tissue is indicated by positive staining for:

GFAP

A

Neuroglia (astrocytes, Scwhann cells, oligodendrocytes)

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6
Q

What tissue is indicated by positive staining for:

Neurofilament

A

Neurons

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7
Q

What tissue is indicated by positive staining for:

PSA

A

Prostatic epithelium

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8
Q

What tissue is indicated by positive staining for:

TRAP

A

Tartarate resistant acid phophatase

found in hairy cell leukemia

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9
Q

What tissue is indicated by positive staining for:

Chromogranin

A

Neuroendocrine cells

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10
Q

What tissue is indicated by positive staining for:

Synaptophysin

A

Neuroendocrine cells

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11
Q

These examples stain positive for what?

Sarcoma, endometrial carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, meningioma

A

Vimentin

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12
Q

These examples stain positive for what?

Melanoma, schwannoma, langerhans cell histiocytosis

A

S-100

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13
Q

These examples stain positive for what?

Rhabdomyosarcoma

A

Desmin

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14
Q

These examples stain positive for what?

Squamous cell Carcinoma (and epithelial tumors)

A

Cytokeratin

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15
Q

These examples stain positive for what?

Astrocytoma, Glioblastoma

A

GFAP

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16
Q

These examples stain positive for what?

Neuroblastoma (neuronal tumors)

A

Neurofilament

17
Q

These examples stain positive for what?

Prostate cancer

18
Q

These examples stain positive for what?

Hairy cell Leukemia

19
Q

These examples stain positive for what?

Small cell carcinoma of the lung, carcinoid tumor

A

Chromogranin/Synaptophysin

20
Q

This serum marker is associated with which tumors/cancers?

Alkaline phosphatase

A

Metastases to bone or liver
Paget disease of bone
Seminoma (placental ALP)

(exclude hepatic origin by checking LFTs and GGTs)

21
Q

This serum marker is associated with which tumors/cancers?

AFP

A 
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Endodermal sinus (yolk sac) tumor
Mixed germ cell tumor
Ataxia telangiectasia
Neural tube defects
(HE-MAN is the alpha male)
22
Q

This serum marker is associated with which tumors/cancers?

B-hCG

A

Hyatidiform moles
choriocarcinomas
Testicular cancer
Mixed germ cell tumor

(produced by syncytiotrophoblasts of the placenta)

23
Q

This serum marker is associated with which tumors/cancers?

CA 15-3

A

Breast Cancer

24
Q

This serum marker is associated with which tumors/cancers?

CA 27-29

A

Breast Cancer

25
Q

This serum marker is associated with which tumors/cancers?

CA19-9

A

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma

26
Q

This serum marker is associated with which tumors/cancers?

CA 125

A

Ovarian cancer

27
Q

This serum marker is associated with which tumors/cancers?

Calcitonin

A

Medullary thyroid carcinoma

alone and in MEN2A and 2B

28
Q

This serum marker is associated with which tumors/cancers?

CEA

A

Major associations:
Colorectal and pancreatic cancers

Minor associations:
Gastric, Breast, and Medullary thyroid carcinomas

(carcinoembryonic antigen very nonspecific)

29
Q

This serum marker is associated with which tumors/cancers?

Chromogranin

A

Neuroendocrine tumors

30
Q

This serum marker is associated with which tumors/cancers?

LDH

A

Testicular germ cell tumors
Ovarian Dysgerminoma
others as well
(can be used as an indicator of tumor burden)

31
Q

This serum marker is associated with which tumors/cancers?

PSA

A

Prostate cancer

also associated with BPH and prostatitis

--Step Shit-- (32 decks)

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