Teratogenic Compounds Flashcards
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
ACE inhibitors
Renal damage
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Alkylating agents
Absence of digits
multiple anomalies
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Aminoglycosides
Ototoxicity
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Antiepileptic drugs
Neural tube defects cardiac defects cleft palate skeletal abnormalities (eg, phalanx/nail hypoplasia, facial dysmorphism)
(high dose folate recommended; most commonly seen with valproate, carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital)
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Diethylstilbestrol
Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma
congenital Müllerian anomalies
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Folate antagonists
Neural tube defects
includes trimethoprim, methotrexate, antiepileptic drugs
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Isotretinoin
Multiple severe birth defects
Contraception mandatory
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Lithium
Ebstein anomaly (apical displacement of tricuspid valve)
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Methimazole
Aplasia cutis congenita
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Tetracyclines
Discolored teeth, inhibited bone growth
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Thalidomide
Limb defects (phocomelia, micromelia—“flipper” limbs)
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Warfarin
Bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, abortion, ophthalmologic abnormalities
(heparin safer for use because it is more water soluble than warfarin)
{more water soluble=less likely to cross placenta}
{more lipid soluble = more likely to cross placenta}
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Alcohol
Common cause of birth defects and intellectual
disability; fetal alcohol syndrome
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Cocaine
Low birth weight
Preterm birth
IUGR
Placental abruption
(Cocaine –> vasoconstriction)
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Smoking (nicotine, CO)
Low birth weight (leading cause in developed countries) preterm labor placental problems IUGR SIDS ADHD
(Nicotine –> vasoconstriction)
(CO –> impaired O2 delivery)
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Iodine (lack or excess)
Congenital goiter or hypothyroidism (cretinism)
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Maternal diabetes
Caudal regression syndrome (anal atresia to sirenomelia),
congenital heart defects ( eg. VSD, TOGV)
neural tube defects
macrosomia
neonatal hypoglycemia
polycythemia
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Methylmercury
Neurotoxicity
Highest in swordfsh, shark, tilefsh, king mackerel
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
Vitamin A excess
Extremely high risk for spontaneous abortions and birth defects (cleft palate, cardiac)
What are the Teratogenic effects associated with:
X-rays
Microcephaly
intellectual disability
(minimized by lead shielding)
