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--Step Shit-- > Rapid Review Treatments > Flashcards

Rapid Review Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

Absence seizures (treatment)

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

Acute gout attack (treatment)

A

NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids

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3
Q

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3) (treatment)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD (treatment)

A

Methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine

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5
Q

Alcoholism (treatment)

A

Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

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6
Q

Alcohol withdrawal (treatment)

A

Long-acting benzodiazepines

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7
Q

Anorexia (treatment)

A

Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine

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8
Q

Anticoagulation during pregnancy (treatment)

A

Heparin

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9
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue (treatment)

A

Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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10
Q

B12 deficiency (treatment)

A

Vitamin B12 supplementation (work up cause with Schilling test)

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11
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (treatment)

A

?1-antagonists, 5?-reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

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12
Q

Bipolar disorder (treatment)

A

Mood stabilizers (e.g., lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

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13
Q

Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman (treatment)

A

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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14
Q

Buerger disease (treatment)

A

Smoking cessation

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15
Q

Bulimia nervosa (treatment)

A

SSRIs

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16
Q

Candida albicans (treatment)

A

Topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

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17
Q

Carcinoid syndrome (treatment)

A

Octreotide

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18
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis (treatment)

A

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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19
Q

Chronic gout (treatment)

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (e.g., allopurinol, febuxostat)

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20
Q

Chronic hepatitis B or C (treatment)

A

IFN-? (HBV and HCV); ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

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21
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (treatment)

A

Imatinib

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22
Q

Clostridium botulinum (treatment)

A

Antitoxin

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23
Q

Clostridium difficile (treatment)

A

Oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin

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24
Q

Clostridium tetani (treatment)

A

Antitoxin

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25
Q

CMV (treatment)

A

Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir

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26
Q

Crohn disease (treatment)

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

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27
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans (treatment)

A

Fluconazole (in AIDS patients)

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28
Q

Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis (treatment)

A

Mesna

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29
Q

Depression (treatment)

A

SSRIs (first-line)

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30
Q

Diabetes insipidus (treatment)

A

Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

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31
Q

Diabetes mellitus type 1 (treatment)

A

Dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement

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32
Q

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (treatment)

A

Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)

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33
Q

Diabetic ketoacidosis (treatment)

A

Fluids, insulin, K+

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34
Q

Enterococci (treatment)

A

Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins

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35
Q

Erectile dysfunction (treatment)

A

Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil

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36
Q

ER ? breast cancer (treatment)

A

Tamoxifen

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37
Q

Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication (treatment)

A

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

38
Q

Haemophilus influenzae (B) (treatment)

A

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

39
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder (treatment)

A

SSRIs, SNRIs (first line); buspirone (second line)

40
Q

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener) (treatment)

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

41
Q

Heparin reversal (treatment)

A

Protamine sulfate

42
Q

HER2/neu ? breast cancer (treatment)

A

Trastuzumab

43
Q

Hyperaldosteronism (treatment)

A

Spironolactone

44
Q

Hypercholesterolemia (treatment)

A

Statin (first-line)

45
Q

Hypertriglyceridemia (treatment)

A

Fibrate

46
Q

Immediate anticoagulation (treatment)

A

Heparin

47
Q

Infertility (treatment)

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene

48
Q

Influenza (treatment)

A

Oseltamivir, zanamivir

49
Q

Kawasaki disease (treatment)

A

IVIG, high-dose aspirin

50
Q

Legionella pneumophila (treatment)

A

Macrolides (e.g., azithromycin)

51
Q

Long-term anticoagulation (treatment)

A

Warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban

52
Q

Malaria (treatment)

A

Chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

53
Q

Malignant hyperthermia (treatment)

A

Dantrolene

54
Q

Medical abortion (treatment)

A

Mifepristone

55
Q

Migraine (treatment)

A

Abortive therapies (e.g., sumatriptan, NSAIDs); prophylaxis (e.g., propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)

56
Q

Multiple sclerosis (treatment)

A

Disease-modifying therapies (e.g., ?-interferon, natalizumab); for acute flares, use IV steroids

57
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (treatment)

A

RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)

58
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (treatment)

A

Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C. trachomatis)

59
Q

Neisseria meningitidis (treatment)

A

Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)

60
Q

Neural tube defect prevention (treatment)

A

Prenatal folic acid

61
Q

Osteomalacia/rickets (treatment)

A

Vitamin D supplementation

62
Q

Osteoporosis (treatment)

A

Calcium/vitamin D supplementation (prophylaxis); bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (treatment)

63
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus (treatment)

A

Close with indomethacin; open or maintain with PGE analogs

64
Q

Pheochromocytoma (treatment)

A

?-antagonists (e.g., phenoxybenzamine)

65
Q

Pneumocystis jirovecii (treatment)

A

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)

66
Q

Prolactinoma (treatment)

A

Cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

67
Q

Prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids (treatment)

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

68
Q

Prostate adenocarcinoma (treatment)

A

Flutamide

69
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (treatment)

A

Antipseudomonal penicillins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems

70
Q

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic) (treatment)

A

Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

71
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii (treatment)

A

Doxycycline, chloramphenicol

72
Q

Schizophrenia (negative symptoms) (treatment)

A

Atypical antipsychotics

73
Q

Schizophrenia (positive symptoms) (treatment)

A

Typical and atypical antipsychotics

74
Q

SIADH (treatment)

A

Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline

75
Q

Sickle cell disease (treatment)

A

Hydroxyurea ( fetal hemoglobin)

76
Q

Sporothrix schenckii (treatment)

A

Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide

77
Q

Stable angina (treatment)

A

Sublingual nitroglycerin

78
Q

Staphylococcus aureus (treatment)

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins); MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline

79
Q

Streptococcus bovis (treatment)

A

Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

80
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae (treatment)

A

Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)

81
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes (treatment)

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

82
Q

Temporal arteritis (treatment)

A

High-dose steroids

83
Q

Tonic-clonic seizures (treatment)

A

Levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

84
Q

Toxoplasma gondii (treatment)

A

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

85
Q

Treponema pallidum (treatment)

A

Penicillin

86
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis (treatment)

A

Metronidazole (patient and partner)

87
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux) (treatment)

A

Carbamazepine

88
Q

Ulcerative colitis (treatment)

A

5-ASA preparations (e.g., mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy

89
Q

UTI prophylaxis (treatment)

A

TMP-SMX

90
Q

Warfarin reversal (treatment)

A

Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (chronic)

--Step Shit-- (32 decks)

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