Rapid Review Treatments Flashcards
Absence seizures (treatment)
Ethosuximide
Acute gout attack (treatment)
NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3) (treatment)
All-trans retinoic acid
ADHD (treatment)
Methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine
Alcoholism (treatment)
Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care
Alcohol withdrawal (treatment)
Long-acting benzodiazepines
Anorexia (treatment)
Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine
Anticoagulation during pregnancy (treatment)
Heparin
Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue (treatment)
Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)
B12 deficiency (treatment)
Vitamin B12 supplementation (work up cause with Schilling test)
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (treatment)
?1-antagonists, 5?-reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors
Bipolar disorder (treatment)
Mood stabilizers (e.g., lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics
Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman (treatment)
Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)
Buerger disease (treatment)
Smoking cessation
Bulimia nervosa (treatment)
SSRIs
Candida albicans (treatment)
Topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)
Carcinoid syndrome (treatment)
Octreotide
Chlamydia trachomatis (treatment)
Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)
Chronic gout (treatment)
Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (e.g., allopurinol, febuxostat)
Chronic hepatitis B or C (treatment)
IFN-? (HBV and HCV); ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (treatment)
Imatinib
Clostridium botulinum (treatment)
Antitoxin
Clostridium difficile (treatment)
Oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin
Clostridium tetani (treatment)
Antitoxin
CMV (treatment)
Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir
Crohn disease (treatment)
Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine
Cryptococcus neoformans (treatment)
Fluconazole (in AIDS patients)
Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis (treatment)
Mesna
Depression (treatment)
SSRIs (first-line)
Diabetes insipidus (treatment)
Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)
Diabetes mellitus type 1 (treatment)
Dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (treatment)
Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)
Diabetic ketoacidosis (treatment)
Fluids, insulin, K+
Enterococci (treatment)
Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins
Erectile dysfunction (treatment)
Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil
ER ? breast cancer (treatment)
Tamoxifen
Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication (treatment)
Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
Haemophilus influenzae (B) (treatment)
Rifampin (prophylaxis)
Generalized anxiety disorder (treatment)
SSRIs, SNRIs (first line); buspirone (second line)
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener) (treatment)
Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids
Heparin reversal (treatment)
Protamine sulfate
HER2/neu ? breast cancer (treatment)
Trastuzumab
Hyperaldosteronism (treatment)
Spironolactone
Hypercholesterolemia (treatment)
Statin (first-line)
Hypertriglyceridemia (treatment)
Fibrate
Immediate anticoagulation (treatment)
Heparin
Infertility (treatment)
Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene
Influenza (treatment)
Oseltamivir, zanamivir
Kawasaki disease (treatment)
IVIG, high-dose aspirin
Legionella pneumophila (treatment)
Macrolides (e.g., azithromycin)
Long-term anticoagulation (treatment)
Warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban
Malaria (treatment)
Chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
Malignant hyperthermia (treatment)
Dantrolene
Medical abortion (treatment)
Mifepristone
Migraine (treatment)
Abortive therapies (e.g., sumatriptan, NSAIDs); prophylaxis (e.g., propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)
Multiple sclerosis (treatment)
Disease-modifying therapies (e.g., ?-interferon, natalizumab); for acute flares, use IV steroids
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (treatment)
RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (treatment)
Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C. trachomatis)
Neisseria meningitidis (treatment)
Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)
Neural tube defect prevention (treatment)
Prenatal folic acid
Osteomalacia/rickets (treatment)
Vitamin D supplementation
Osteoporosis (treatment)
Calcium/vitamin D supplementation (prophylaxis); bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (treatment)
Patent ductus arteriosus (treatment)
Close with indomethacin; open or maintain with PGE analogs
Pheochromocytoma (treatment)
?-antagonists (e.g., phenoxybenzamine)
Pneumocystis jirovecii (treatment)
TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)
Prolactinoma (treatment)
Cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)
Prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids (treatment)
Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)
Prostate adenocarcinoma (treatment)
Flutamide
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (treatment)
Antipseudomonal penicillins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic) (treatment)
Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol
Rickettsia rickettsii (treatment)
Doxycycline, chloramphenicol
Schizophrenia (negative symptoms) (treatment)
Atypical antipsychotics
Schizophrenia (positive symptoms) (treatment)
Typical and atypical antipsychotics
SIADH (treatment)
Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline
Sickle cell disease (treatment)
Hydroxyurea ( fetal hemoglobin)
Sporothrix schenckii (treatment)
Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide
Stable angina (treatment)
Sublingual nitroglycerin
Staphylococcus aureus (treatment)
MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins); MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline
Streptococcus bovis (treatment)
Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis
Streptococcus pneumoniae (treatment)
Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)
Streptococcus pyogenes (treatment)
Penicillin prophylaxis
Temporal arteritis (treatment)
High-dose steroids
Tonic-clonic seizures (treatment)
Levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine
Toxoplasma gondii (treatment)
Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
Treponema pallidum (treatment)
Penicillin
Trichomonas vaginalis (treatment)
Metronidazole (patient and partner)
Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux) (treatment)
Carbamazepine
Ulcerative colitis (treatment)
5-ASA preparations (e.g., mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy
UTI prophylaxis (treatment)
TMP-SMX
Warfarin reversal (treatment)
Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (chronic)