Tumor Markers

Question 1

Alk Phos

Answer 1

Metastases to bone, liver, Paget disease of bone, seminoma (placental ALP)

Question 2

alpha fetoprotein

Answer 2

normally made by fetus. hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastoma, yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor, testicular cancer, mixed germ cell tumor (co-secreted with beta hCG)

Question 3

B-hCG

Answer 3

Hydatiform moles and Choriocarcinomas (gestational trophoblastic disease), testicular cancer; Commonly associated with pregnancy

Question 4

CA-15-3/CA-27-29

Answer 4

Breast Cancer

Question 5

CA-19-9

Answer 5

Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.

Question 6

CA-125

Answer 6

Ovarian cancer

Question 7

Calcitonin

Answer 7

Medullary thyroid carcinoma

Question 8

CEA

Answer 8

CarcinoEmbryonicAntigen. Very nonspecific but produced by 70% of colorectal and pancreatic cancers; also produced by gastric, breast, and medullary thyroid carcinomas.

Question 9

PSA

Answer 9

Prostate-specific antigen. Used to follow prostate adenocarcinoma. Can also be elevated in BPH and prstatitis. questionable risk/benefit for screening.

Question 10

S-100

Answer 10

Neural crest origin (melanomas, neural tumors, scwannomas, langerhans cell histiocytosis)

Question 11

TRAP

Answer 11

Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase (TRAP). Hair cell Leukemia (B cell neoplasm). TRAP the hairy animal. Largely replaced by flow cytometry