Glaucoma Drugs Flashcards
What are the alpha agonists for Glaucoma
1) Epinephrine 2) Brimonidine (alpha2)
Epinephrine Mech:
Decrease aqueous humor synthesis via vasoconstriction
Epinephrine SE:
Mydriasis; Do not use in closed-angle glaucoma
Brimonidine (alpha2) Mech:
Decrease aqueous humor synthesis
Brimonidine (alpha2) SE:
Blurry vision, ocular hypermia, foreign body sensation, ocular allergic reactions, ocular pruritus
What are the beta blockers/
Timolol, betaxolol, carteolol
Timolol, betaxolol, carteolol Mech
Decrease aqueous humor synthesis.
Timolol, betaxolol, carteolol SE:
No pupillary or vision changes
What are the Diruretics?
Azetazolamide
Azetazolamide mech? SE?
Decrease aqueous humor synthesis via inhibition of carbonic anydrase; No pupillary or vision changes
What are the Direct Cholinomimetics?
Pilocarpine, Carbachol
Pilocarpine and Carbachol mech
Increase outflow of aqueous humor via contraction of ciliary muscle and opening of trabecular meshwork
What are the indirect Cholinomimetics?
Physostigmine, echothiophate
Physostigmine, Echothiophate Mech:
Use pilocarpine in emergencies - very effective at opening meshwork into canal of Schlemm
What are the SE of the Cholinomimetics?
Miosis and cyclospasm (contraction of ciliary muscle)
