Troubleshoot Windows OS Problems Flashcards
Lesson 13C
Windows 10 startup options.
Windows 10 Startup Settings.
Windows 10 Startup Troubleshooting—Advanced options.
Configuring System Protection in Windows 10.
Using System Restore to apply a previous system configuration.
install update
driver rollback
startup recovery
Blue Screen of Death (BSOD)
EFI
Boot Process
- self-test (POST)- parts check
- boot device- GUID partition table (GPT)
- EFI boot manager (BOOTMGFW.EFI.)/BCD - in EFI system partition
- OS boot loader (WINLOAD.EFI.)
- kernal
Legacy BIOS
Boot Process
- scans disk (boot device)
- master boot record - in Disk’s first sector .
- boot sector -in active partition
- boot manager (BOOTMGR.EXE)
- boot configuration data (BCD) file- (OS)
- Windows boot loader WINLOAD.EXE
- kernel (NTOSKRNL.EXE)/hardware abstraction layer (HAL.DLL)/drivers
Defined
Boot Process
The boot process begins with a POST to check system components, followed by identifying the boot device and loading the boot loader via either BIOS (using MBR) or EFI (using GPT). It then loads the kernel, initializes processes, and prepares for user authentication.
Advanced Boot Options menu
offers troubleshooting startup modes, such as Safe Mode, accessed via F8 for BIOS boot** or** holding SHIFT during UEFI restart, allowing isolation of issues and use of recovery tools.
UEFI
advand boot options
- Hold the SHIFT key when selecting the
Restart option from the Power menu on the lock screen: - Choose an option screen
- Troubleshoot.
- Advanced options
- Startup Settings
- Restart
- F4 to select Safe Mode
advance boot options
safe mode
loads only basic drivers and services required to start the system to run analysis/recovery tools, such as chkdsk, SystemRestore, or antivirus utilities.
Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE)/Startup Repair
allow troubleshooting and recovery by booting from product media, repair disks, or recovery partitions to access tools like Startup Repair, System Restore, and command prompt utilities for manual repair.
command prompts
Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE)
Manually:
* diskpart
*sfc
*chkdsk
*bootrec
*bcdedit
*regedit
System Restore
allows you to roll back from system configuration changes (does not restore (or delete) user data files).
system restore
System Protection tab
allows enabling disks for system restore, managing disk capacity, and creating restore points automatically or manually, while System Restore (rstrui.exe) facilitates system recovery through restore points or recovery tools.
The disk must be formatted with NTFS, have a minimum of 300 MB free space, and be over 1 GB in size.
Update rollback
If an update causes problems, you can try to uninstall it:
* Programs and Features applet
* select View installed updates
* Select the update
* select the Uninstall button.
Roll Back Driver feature
- Device Manager
- right clk, Properties
- Driver tab
- Roll Back Driver
recovery image
allows a full system backup, created via the Backup and Restore applet in Control Panel, which can be used for recovery through Advanced Boot Options or System Image Recovery in the repair environment.
Reinstalling Windows
via the “Reset this PC” option allows you to repair or reset the system, preserving user files or securely deleting data for ownership transfer, while removing desktop applications and restoring default settings.
“No boot device found”
or “Invalid boot disk”
the system has completely failed to boot: cause may be the firmware starts on USB; change priority, hard disk; check attachments or failing drive.
“no OS found”
diagnose the disk with tools like chkdsk, bootrec, and diskpart, or modify system setup and recovery settings to repair boot information or detect the operating system.
Graphical Interface Fails to Load/Black Screen
If Windows fails to load the graphical interface or displays a black screen, troubleshoot by checking for driver or system file issues, using Safe Mode, running commands like chkdsk or sfc, or addressing boot configuration settings. START+CTRL+SHIFT+B (system response).
