Compare Network Configuration Concepts

Question 1

is a range of IP addresses that a DHCP server can automatically assign to devices on a network. It also includes other configuration parameters like subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server settings. Essentially, it’s how a DHCP server manages and distributes IP addresses to clients within a specific network segment.

Answer 1

DHCP scope

Question 2

is a period of time during which a DHCP server grants an IP address to a client device on a network. It’s a temporary allocation, ensuring efficient IP address management. When the lease expires, the device must renew it or obtain a new one.

Answer 2

DHCP Leases

Question 3

server is configured with a list of the MAC addresses of hosts that should receive the same IP address for printers, servers, routers.

Answer 3

DHCP Reservations

Question 4

is a label that uniquely identifies a computer or device on a network. It’s a human-readable name that allows users to easily recognize and access a specific device within a network environment. Think of it as your computer’s name on the internet or local network. Ex. “my-laptop” “server1”

Answer 4

Host Name

Question 5

a hostname can be combined with a domain name and suffix. Ex. webserver.example.com
* host name - weberver
* domain name - example
* suffix (TLD) - .com

Answer 5

fully qualified domain name (FQDN).

Question 6

the part of a domain name that comes after the last dot. Ex. .com, .org, .net, .gov

Answer 6

top-level domain (TLD)

Question 7

• there are technically 13 root … server addresses (named from A to M), they actually represent hundreds of physical servers spread around the world. It is operated by ICANN
• is a fundamental part of the internet that translates human-readable domain names (like google.com) into machine-readable IP addresses (like 172.217.160.142). This translation allows computers to locate and connect with each other to access websites, email servers, and other online resources.

Answer 7

Domain Name System

Question 8

is a request made by a DNS client (such as your web browser) to a DNS server to resolve a domain name into an IP address. The number “53” refers to Port 53, which is the standard network port used for DNS communication.

Answer 8

DNS query (53)

Question 9

is a temporary assignment of an IP address to a device by a DHCP server, where the address is pulled from a pool of available addresses and expires after a set time

Answer 9

DHCP Lease

Question 10

is a dedicated IP address assigned to a specific device based on its MAC address, ensuring that device always receives the same IP address within the network, regardless of the lease time; particular device

Answer 10

DHCP reservation

Question 11

record is used to resolve a host name to an IPv4 address

DNS

Answer 11

A addresse

Question 12

is a type of DNS record that maps a domain name to an IPv6 address. It functions similarly to an A record, but instead of mapping to an IPv4 address, it maps to an IPv6 address.

DNS resource record

Answer 12

AAAA record

Question 13

a resource record in the Domain Name System (DNS) that specifies which mail server is responsible for receiving emails for a domain.

DNS record types

Answer 13

Mail Exchange (MX)

Question 14

a type of Domain Name System (DNS) record that stores information about a domain in text format.

Answer 14

TXT record

Question 15

an email authentication protocol that helps verify whether an email was sent from a legitimate source by checking if the sending mail server is authorized to send emails on behalf of a specific domain, preventing email spoofing and phishing attempts by identifying unauthorized senders.

Answer 15

Sender Policy Framework (SPF)

Question 16

a method of email authentication that uses digital signatures to verify the sender of an email.

Answer 16

DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM)

Question 17

is an email security standard that prevents spoofing and other email fraud.

Answer 17

Domain-Based Message Authentication, Reporting,
and Conformance

Question 18

a logical network segment created within a physical network, allowing you to group devices together based on their function, regardless of their physical location

Answer 18

Virtual LAN (VLAN)

Question 19

a technology that creates a secure, encrypted connection over the internet, allowing users to transmit data privately and securely, often by masking their IP address and location, essentially creating a “virtual private tunnel” through a public network like the internet.
enables hosts to connect to the LAN without
being physically installed at the site.

Answer 19

virtual private network (VPN)

Question 20

is a tree-like structure that organizes how domain names are translated into IP addresses, enabling internet navigation.
* Root
* top level domain (TLD)
* authoritive

Answer 20

DNS hierarchy

Question 21

a domain name used for customer support access related to an error code, which often occurs in email systems, usually indicating a problem with the recipient email address or server restrictions

Answer 21

515 support domain name

Question 22

is the process of dividing a larger IP network into smaller, more manageable sub-networks.

Answer 22

IP Subnetting

Question 23

• is a 32-bit number used in IP networking to divide an IP address into two parts: the network part and the host part.
• It essentially defines which portion of an IP address identifies the network and which part identifies a specific device (host) within that network.

Answer 23

subnet mask

Question 24

• is a feature that allows devices to automatically assign themselves an IP address when a DHCP server isn’t available.
• This enables basic network communication within a local network even if the DHCP server is down or unreachable. It assigns addresses from the range 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.254.

Answer 24

Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)

Question 25

* is a logical grouping of network devices that appear to be on the same LAN, even if they are physically located on different network segments. * allow network administrators to segment a network for various reasons, such as improving security, managing traffic, and simplifying network administration.

Answer 25

virtual local area network (VLAN)

Question 26

* enable a device to route data to itself, facilitating internal communication, software testing, troubleshooting, and local development without involving external networks. * In IPv4, the most common address is 127.0.0.1, while in IPv6 it's ::1.

Answer 26

Loopback addresses

Question 27

A router's IP address serves, for directing traffic beyond the local network, while the subnet mask splits IP addresses into network and host parts to determine whether communication stays local or requires routing.

Answer 27

default gateway

Question 28

IPv4 address classes (A–E) originally grouped IP ranges by their first octet to define network and host capacities, but this rigid system was largely replaced by CIDR for more flexible and efficient address allocation.

Answer 28

IP Classes

Question 29

* is a method for allocating IP addresses and routing network traffic more efficiently. It replaces the older system of classful addressing (Class A, B, and C networks) with a more flexible and scalable approach. * uses a notation like 192.168.10.0/24, where the number after the slash (/) represents the number of bits used for the network prefix.

Answer 29

Classless Inter-Domain Routing

Question 30

* It's a communication protocol that resolves IP addresses to MAC addresses, enabling devices on a local network to communicate with each other. * is crucial because it allows devices to find the physical hardware address (MAC) of another device when they only know its logical IP address.

Answer 30

Address Reslution Protocol (ARP)