Compare Internet and Embedded Appliances

Question 1

it’s a technology that allows multiple devices within a private network to share a single public IP address when accessing the internet, a router acts as a translator, converting private IP addresses to a public one before sending data out to the internet and vice versa when receiving data back.

Answer 1

Network Address Translation (NAT)

Question 2

It takes a whole HTTP request from a client, checks it, then forwards it to the destination server on the Internet. When the reply comes back, it checks it and then shuttles it back to the LAN computer. port (often 8080 by convention)

Answer 2

proxy server

Question 3

are programmed with scripts that can identify
known malicious traffic patterns. It can raise an alert when a match is made. An intrusion prevention system (IPS) can additionally take some action to
block the source of the malicious packets.

Answer 3

Intrusion detection systems (IDS)

Question 4

allow or block traffic based on a network access control list specifying source and destination IP addresses and application ports.

Answer 4

Firewall

Question 5

solutions scan files being transferred over the network to detect any matches for known malware signatures in binary data.

Answer 5

Antivirus/antimalware

Question 6

use SPF, DKIM, and DMARC to verify the authenticity of mail servers and are configured with filters that can identify spoofed, misleading, malicious, or otherwise unwanted messages. Filltered in server prior to mailbox.

Answer 6

Spam gateways

Question 7

are used to block outgoing access to unauthorized websites and
services.

Answer 7

Content filters

Question 8

scan outgoing traffic for information that is marked as confidential or personal.

Answer 8

Data leak/loss prevention (DLP)

Question 9

is one that enforces a variety of security policies and controls, combining the work of multiple security functions.

Answer 9

unified threat management (UTM)

Question 10

distribute client requests across server nodes
in a farm or pool.

Answer 10

load balancer

Question 11

is one that is no longer directly supported by its vendor. This might be because the vendor has gone out of business or formally deprecated use of the product.

Answer 11

End of Life (EOL)

Question 12

refers to any older system still in use, which may or may not be at its EOL stage, potentially still receiving some level of support depending on its age and vendor policy. essentially, all EOL systems are considered legacy systems, but not all legacy systems are at EOL yet.

Answer 12

Legacy Systems

Question 13

computer systems that are part of a larger mechanical system

Answer 13

Embedded systems

Question 14

a network of devices, systems, and software used to automate and monitor industrial processes, including components like sensors, actuators, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), and a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system, allowing for centralized control of industrial operations across large geographical areas.

Answer 14

Industrial Control System (ICS)

Question 15

hardware and software that monitors and controls industrial equipment, processes, and events.

Answer 15

operational technology (OT)

Question 16

is a system that allows a user to interact with a machine, system, or device.

Answer 16

human-machine interface (HMI)

Question 17

is a computer system that monitors and controls industrial processes in real time.

Answer 17

supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)

Question 18

a network of physical devices embedded with sensors, software, and connectivity that allows them to collect and exchange data with each other and systems over the internet,

Answer 18

Internet of Things (IoT)