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Pediatrics > trigger ortho > Flashcards

trigger ortho Flashcards

1
Q

where does the tibial spine attatch to

A

the ACL!

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2
Q

McCmurray test tests for what

A

meniscal tears

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3
Q

hyperextension of the knee with concurrent rotation of femur on tibia

A

tibial spine fracture MOI

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4
Q

tx of non displaced vs displaced tibial spine fracture

A
  • non-displaced: immobilize knee in full extension and orhto referall
  • displaced: needs reduction and IMMEDIATE ortho consult
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5
Q

these fractures frequently acocmpany ligament tears, meniscal injuries and patellar dislocations

A

osteochondral fractures

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6
Q

caused by sudden, forcefull contraction of the quadriceps to a flexed knee

sudden stop from full sprint, landing after jumping

A

patellar sleeve fracture

quadriceps exceed the strength of the patella

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7
Q

tx for patellar sleeve avulsion fracture

A

immobilization of knee w ortho surgery referall

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8
Q

as this disease progresses it can cause demineralization and detatchement of bone and overlying cartilage

A

osteochondritis dissecans

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9
Q

tx for osteochondritis dissecans

A

immbolization for 3-6 mo.

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10
Q

this diagnosis, if left untreated, can lead to premature arthritis

A

osteochondritis dissecans

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11
Q

what is the MC reason for inflammatory childhood limp

A

toxic synovitis

occurs after recent URI

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12
Q

ortho problem that can occur after URI

A

toxic synovitis

hips and knees effected most!!!

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13
Q

When do you use the Kosher Criteria and what are the kosher criteria

A

to determine severity of septic arthritis (like in the hip!)

  1. fevr >101.3
  2. ESR>40
  3. WBC>12
  4. inability to bear weight
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14
Q

How do you treat suspected septic arthritis

A

I&D of the hip PRN and aspiration of joint fluid

ABX that cover staph Aureus

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15
Q

what is the treatment for metatarsus adductus

A
  • stretching for mild/mod
  • Casting for severe
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16
Q

shortened achilles tendon is associated with what diagnosis

A

clubfoot/ talipes equinovarus

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17
Q

what is the proper term for clubfoot

A

talipes equinovarus

I just know ima forget this

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18
Q

what is the MC type of clubfoot

A

congenital (idiopathic)

19
Q

Ponseti method is used when

A

Clubfoot

manipulation w serial castings for 4-10 applicaitons

20
Q

what is the indication for treating tibial torsion

A

if feet are turned greater than 15 degrees by age 5

21
Q

if an eaminer can is able to passively correct the deformity into the middle position but no farther what level of metatarsus adductus is this

mild, moderate or severe

A

moderate

22
Q

what are the MCC for intoeing in:
- less than 1 yr
- 1-3 yrs
- 3+ yrs

A
  • less than 1 yr = metarsus aDDuctus
  • 1-3yrs = internal tibial torsion
  • 3+ yrs = femoral anteversion
23
Q

Femoral derotational osteotomy is a treatment of what

A

a child w severe dysfunction or deformity caused by femoral anteversion

24
Q

hip adducted w posteriorly directed pressure is defining what maneuver

A

barlow maneuver

25
Q

hip is abducted while lifting the trochanter anteriorly

A

ortolani maneuver

26
Q

what are the indications for screening for DDH in an infant

what is the screening method of choice? how does this change once a child reaches 4 months old?

A

US is method of choice!

  • any child w hip instability
  • any male/female born breech >34 wks gestation
  • FHx of DDH
  • any child >4 mo with instability, limp or unstable gait uses xray for screening eval
27
Q

what is the treatment for a positive:
* ortaloni
* barlow

A
  • ortolani = US, refer to specialist
  • barlow = US, observe and follow
28
Q

treatment of DDH

A
29
Q

pain/tenderness to the tibial tubercle w/wo edema

A

osgood schlatter disease

30
Q

what is inflamed in osgood schlatter disease

A

patellar tendon

31
Q

tx for osgood schlatter dz

A

ice 20-30 min BID, NSAIDs, stretching quads, PT PRN

benign and self limiting. NO crutches or knee immobilizers!!!

32
Q

degeneration of cartilage d/t poor alignment of the kneecap

A

patellofemoral syndrome

33
Q

who has theatre sign and what is theatre sign

A
  • people w patellofemoral syndrome
  • theatre sign = aggravation of syndrome by activity or prolonged sitting w bent knees!!
34
Q

tx of patellofemoral syndrome

A
  • strengthening quads and hammies
  • NSAIDS, Ice, DC activity causing pain.

dx is clinical but you may see it on xray

35
Q

pt comes in w two months of hip pain that has now developed a limp and he is no longer able to weight bear on his left leg. what is the diagnostic of choice? what is the dianosis and tx?

A
  • xray, US, MRI (just one)
  • SCFE
  • tx= internal fixation w single cannulated screw placed in center of epiphysis

I feel like this could also be describing legg calve perths disease!

36
Q

this disease can lead to avascular necrosis of the femoral head

A

SCFE

can also lead to chondrolysis at the hip joint and osteoarthritis

37
Q

what is legg-Calve perthes disease

A

idiopathic necrosis of the hip

38
Q

Xray of the hip shows joint effusion with widening of joint space and periarticular swelling

A

legg calve perthes disease

39
Q

what are indications for bracing or surgery in scoliosis?

A
  • > 20 degrees or progression of >5 degrees
40
Q

what is a toddlers fracture

A

spiral fracture of distal 1/2 of the tibia

41
Q

how do you treat X linked hypophosphatemia

A

calcitriol, amiloride and HCTZ

42
Q

mutation of the phosphate regulating gene is the mechanism for which disease

A

X linked hypophosphatemia

43
Q

asude from short stature of the lower limbs, what are some other s/s that you would see with x linked hypophosphatemia

A
  • dental abnormalities (delayed with abscesses)
  • deafness
  • chiari malformation of brian
  • calcification of tendons/ligamentts/joints
  • craniosyntosis

Pediatrics (41 decks)

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