Cong infections trigger Flashcards
protozoan
toxoplasmosis
screen moms with cervical LAD and high fever.
what would the screening show?
toxoplasmosis
US showing clacifications or cerebral ventricular dilation are MC
cat feces and raw meat
toxoplasmosis
s/s include hydrocephalus, microcephaly, anemia, and chorioretinitis
toxoplasmosis:
Cataracts/chorioretinitis
Calcifications in brain
Hearing loss
Hydrocephalus
Anemia
Seizures
Microcephaly
s/s shows seizures, hearing loss, cataracts and calcifications of the brain
toxoplasmosis
Cataracts/chorioretinitis
Calcifications in brain
Hearing loss
Hydrocephalus
Anemia
Seizures
Microcephaly
focal necrotizing retinitis
toxoplasmosis
dx with ELISA and CXR that shows diffuse cortical calcifications
toxoplasmosis
tx with spiramycin if <14 weeks gestation.
what about after 14 weeks?
toxoplasmosis
> 14wks gestation = pyrimethamine + Sulfadiazine + folic acid
eye exam every 3 months for 18 months + pharmacological tx
toxoplamosis postnatal tx.
also Pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine + folinic acid for 1 yr
PDA and pulm artery stenosis, hearing loss, mental retardation, microcephaly and cataracts
what symptom are we missing?
rubella
blueberry muffin syndrome
low platelet count (thrombocytopenia)
rubella (petechiae and purpura)
can also be seen in CMV!
infants with this disease are chronically infected for a whole year and shed the virus into their stool, urine and respiratory secretions
rubella
Doublestranded DNA Herpes Virus
CMV
transmissible through saliva, blood and breastmilk
CMV
MC congenital infection
CMV
leading cause of NON hereditary sensorineural hearing loss
CMV
elevates LFTs, thrombocytopenia, elevated bilirubin
CMV
dx with urine/saliva test and a CT scan which will show periventricular lesions
CMV
not treated unless there is SEVERE sickness and you recieve approval from the FDA
CMV
ganciclovir and valganciclovir.
in a baby who is septic with fever and irritability but a negative bacteriologic culture, what should we suspect?
disseminated HSV infection
will have abnormal CSF and possible liver dysfunction
scarring eye damage, skin lesions, ulcerations
HSV
dx made w specimin cultures of anything that touched amniotic fluid. could also do a PCR of blood/urine/CSF
HSV
IV Acyclovir (60mg/kg/d) for 2-3 weeks
Give to any infant that is suspected to have this
HSV
(IV acyclovir is also used in the treatment of active VZV in a baby)
cicatrical skin lesions and limb atrophy with cataracts and retinitis.
VZV infection
can be dx clinically or with a PCR
VZV (PCR is of the vesicle base)
when is VariZIG used?
- PROPHYLAXIS ONLY
- preterm of <28 weeks always
- preterm >28 wks if exposed if mom isnt immunized
- exposed to mom who has it 5days prior to 2 days after birth.
(this is up to date because i could not understand the slides oml)
s/s include arthropathy, fetal anemia, myocarditis and a rash
parvo B19 (rash = slapped cheeks)
dx is serologic IgG and IgM testing via umbilical cord blood sample.
Parvo B19
once this infection is found, mother must recieve US weekly to assess for signs of hydrops fetalis
Parvo B19
transplacental transmission is seen in which diseases?
- HSV
- Syphilis
- HIV
- parvo
- zika
- maybe CMV? pic below idk
this presents asymptomatic at birth
syphillis
generalized LAD, skeletal abnormalities, rash, white/bloody nasal discharge, hepatomegaly
syphilis presentation prior to 2 years
hutchinsons triad, what is it and when do we see it
- interstitial keratitis, 8th cranial nerve deafness, and hutchinsons teeth
- seen in syphilis after 2years
rhagades, bowing shins, mulberry molars, saddle nose and clutton joints
syphilis after 2 years of age (late s/s)
Direct visualization via dark field exam of bodily fluids is the diagnostic for what
syphilis
tx w PCN G
syphilis
presents w bilateral conjunctivitis and PNA
chlamydia
Suspected in any infant under 1 month with conjunctivitis
chalymidia
culture of conjunctival and NP is dx for what
chlamydia
oral erythromycin
active chlamydial infection
bilateral purulent conjunctivitis w profuse exudate
gonorrhea
erythromycin ointment
prophylactic tx for chlamydia and gonorrhea
gram stain of conjunctival exudate
gonorrhea
tx w rocephin
gonorrhea
zidovudine for 6 weeks
HIV antiviral prophylaxic
Interferon and ribavirin as tx
congenital hep C
Hoarseness (airway)
congenital HPV
Arthropod flavivirus from mosquitoes, with placental transmission
zika
diagnosed with a blood test at 18months of age and confirmed with genotyping
Hep C
Anti-HCV (HCV antibody testing) present in blood after 18 months of age is indicator; confirmed with HCV RNA test, then HCV Genotyping
(test after 18 mo or else may fasle positive due to mom having antibodies)
s/s include ocular scarring, ventriculomegaly, microcephaly and arthrogryposis
zika
severe microcephaly with skull collapse, subcortical cacifictations and craniofacial disproportion
zika
serum + urine for RNA via PCR is a definitive diagnosis infection in these patients
zika
just look over this plz
primary SCREENING tool is a head US
zika
