tribal religions and intro chapter

Question 0

Scottish anthropologist/author of The Golden Bough “saw the origins of religion in early attempts by human beings to influence nature, and he identified religion as an intermediate stage btwn magic and science.”

Answer 0

James Frazier

Question 1

the early population of the Indus River Valley (later called Indians) in 500 BCE worshipped what?

Answer 1

fire as a god called Agni

Question 2

theorized that parents project their sense of God onto their children. The basis of belief stems from fear a complicated present and unknown future. That in the future religion would be less necessary.

Answer 2

Freud

Question 3

scholar that studied art, medicine, psychology, and religion saw it as growing out of psychological needs and viewed it as positive on lives of individuals

Answer 3

William James

Question 4

German theologian. wrote The Idea of the Holy

Answer 4

Rudolf Otto

Question 5

8 basic religious structures

Answer 5

1 belief system 2 community 3 central myths 4 ritual 5 ethics 6 characteristic emotional experiences 7 material expression 8 sacredness

Question 6

several beliefs fitting together into a fairly complete and systematic interpretation of the universe and consequently their place in it. (worldview)

Answer 6

belief system

Question 7

the belief system is shared and its ideals are practiced by the group

Answer 7

community

Question 8

stories that express the religious beliefs of a group are retold and often re-enacted

Answer 8

central myths

Question 9

beliefs are enacted and made real thru ceremonies

Answer 9

ritual

Question 10

rules bout behavior. could be viewed as been revealed from supernatural or as socially generated

Answer 10

ethics

Question 11

dread, guilt, awe, mystery, devotion, conversion, rebirth, liberation, exctasy, bliss, inner peace

Answer 11

characteristic emotional experience

Question 12

statues, paintings, musical compositions, musical instruments, ritual objects, incense, flowers, clothing, architecture, and locations

Answer 12

material expression

Question 13

a distinction btwn the sacred and the ordinary; ceremonies often emphasize the distinction

Answer 13

sacredness

Question 14

8 religions we will study

Answer 14

tribal 2 Hinduism 3 Buddhism 4 Confucianism 5 Taoism 6 Judaism 7 Christianity 8 Islam

Question 15

person who contacts the spiritual world. may use narural substances

Answer 15

shaman

Question 16

Indigenous religions exist generally w/in _________ cultures, in which every object and act may have religious meaning.

Answer 16

holistic

Question 17

indigenous religions is neutral in tone. What are some other names?

Answer 17

traditional, aboriginal, tribal, nonliterate primal, native, oral and basic

Question 18

Harvard biologist E. O. Wilson proposes that we foster biophilia. what does biophilia mean?

Answer 18

love of life and our kin (animals and plants w whom we share this planed)

Question 19

seeing everything in the universe as being alive. life force is present in living and non-living things;

Answer 19

animism

Question 20

indigenous religions have respect for what?

Answer 20

origins, gods, and ancestors

Question 21

cosmic tales that may be re-enacted or recited thru ritual or dance.

Answer 21

origins

Question 22

what are some past obstacles to the appreciation of Indigenous Religions?

Answer 22

no texts, languages may be developed solely for the small group

Question 23

is cyclical, returning to its origins for renewal. recalling rituals and structuring daily lives in ways that conform to mythic events

Answer 23

sacred time

Question 24

doorway to the “other world”

Answer 24

sacred space

Question 25

what are some sacred practices?

Answer 25

life cycle ceremonies, taboo and sacrifice, shamanism, trace and spiritual powers, artistic espression

Question 26

the human journey thru life is marked by

Answer 26

rites of passage

Question 27

prologed fasting, sweat bath, being on your own, rite of passage, condoned by medicine man

Answer 27

vision quest

Question 28

rule that forbids specific behavior

Answer 28

taboo

Question 29

act of pouring a bit of drink on the ground as an offering

Answer 29

libation

Question 30

long sacred pipe

Answer 30

calumet

Question 31

powers possessed by diviners and healers through incantations, figurines, and potions

Answer 31

sympathetic magic

Question 32

spiritual powers and trance state make it possible to look into the past and future. this process is called

Answer 32

divination

Question 33

an animal that is considered to be related by blood to a clan. its guardian of symbol

Answer 33

totem