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From Flashcardlet > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

This deck was created by combining two or more decks

0
Q

Bone like material, dentin under enamel, embedded in jaw

A

Root

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1
Q

Teeth r to

A

Masticate

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2
Q

Enamel covered part of tooth above gum

A

Crown

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3
Q

What r 4 kinds of teeth

A

Incisors, canines, premolars, molars

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4
Q

contains connective tissue, blood vessels & nerves

- supplies food to the tooth

A

Central pulp cavity

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5
Q

2 parts of tooth

A

Crown n root

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6
Q

What is the hardest body surface

A

Enamel

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7
Q

How many permanent teeth

A

32

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8
Q

Route for vessels and nerves to enter tooth

A

Root canal

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9
Q

Mucous membrane lined oral cavity

A

Mouth

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10
Q

Fleshy projection of soft palate at posterior edge

A

Uvula

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11
Q

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine are part of

A

Alimentary canal

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12
Q

Posterior roof of mouth

A

Soft palate

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13
Q

Anterior roof of mouth

A

Hard palate

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14
Q

Digestive system 4 functions

A

Takes in food
Breaks it down into nutrient molecules
Absorbs them into the blood stream
Rids body of indigestible remains

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15
Q

Hollow muscular tube through ventral body cavity, open at both ends

A

Alimentary canal

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16
Q

Digests and absorbs food

A

Alimentary canal

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17
Q

Protect anterior opening of the mouth

A

Lips

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18
Q

Form lateral walls of mouth

A

Cheeks

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19
Q

Two groups of organs of the digestive system

A

Alimentary canal. Accessory digestive organs

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20
Q

Alimentary canal is also called

A

GI tract

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21
Q

Assist in digestive breakdown

A

Accessory digestive organs

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22
Q

Space btwn lips/cheeks & teeth and gums

A

Vestibule

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23
Q

Space containednbynteeth

A

Oral cavity

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24
Q

On floor of mouth, attachedby hyoid bone and styloid process

A

Tongue

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25
Q

Mucous membrane that secures tongue to floor of mouth

A

Frenulum

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26
Q

Pair of lymphatic tissues at posterior end of oral cavity

A

Palatine tonsils

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27
Q

When enflamed or enlarged they block throat and swallowing becomes difficult

A

Palatine tonsils

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28
Q

Oropharynx then

A

Laryngopharynx

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29
Q

Common passage for food and air

A

Pharynx

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30
Q

Describe the two layers of skeletal muscle in the pharynx

A

Inner layer is circular

Outer layer runs longitudinal. Allows for peristalsis

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31
Q

Gullet from pharynx to stomach

A

Esophagus

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32
Q

How long is the esophagus?

A

10”

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33
Q

What are the 4 tunics in the alimentary canal from esophagus to large intestine?

A

Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa

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34
Q

Inner layer of AC. Moist membrane, surface epithelium, some connective tissue & some smooth muscle

A

Mucosa

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35
Q

Beneath mucosa, soft connective tissue w blood vessels, nerve ending, lymph nodes & lymph vessels

A

Sub mucosa

36
Q

Muscle layer, inner circulary & outer longitudinal layer

A

Muscularis externa

37
Q

Outermost layer, visceral peritoneum continuous w parietal peritoneum

A

Serosa

38
Q

What are the two nerve plexus in the AC (autonomic nervous system)?

A

Submucosal nerve plexus

Myenteric nerve plexus

39
Q

c-shaped organ on left side of abdominal cavity

A

stomach

40
Q

region of stomach near heart where food enters

A

cardiac region

41
Q

cardiac region of stomach surrounds

A

cardioesophogeal/loweresophogeal sphincter

42
Q

expanded part of stomach, lateral to cardiac region

A

fundus region

43
Q

mid portion of stomach

A

body

44
Q

terminal end of stomach, continuous w small intestine

A

pylorus

45
Q

separates stomach and small intestine

A

pyloric sphincter

46
Q

how much food can the stomach hold?

A

1 gal

47
Q

temporary storage tank and for food breakdown

A

stomach

48
Q

product of stomach digestion

A

chyme

49
Q

describe some processes that go on in the stomach (7)

A

churns, mixes, and pummels food=> leads to physical breakdown
chemical breakdown of proteins begins
stomach mucosa produces large amount of mucus
gastric glands secrete gastric juices
chief cells produce protein digesting enzymes
parietal cells produce HCl, activates enzymes
stomach wall protected by alkaline mucus

50
Q

the major digestive organ

A

small intestine

51
Q

the small intestine extends from

A

pyloric sphincter to illeocecal valve

52
Q

3 sections of the small intestine

A

duodenum, jejunum, illeum

53
Q

how much food is chemically digested in the small intestine

A

a small amount at a time

54
Q

what prevents the small intestine from being overwhelmed?

A

pyloric sphincter

55
Q

what enzymes complete digestion in the small intestine?

A

pancreatic

56
Q

what also enters w pancreatic juice?

A

bile

57
Q

nearly all food absorption is ind

A

small intestine

58
Q

what increase surface area of small intestine?

A

microvilli, villi, and circular folds

59
Q

villi contain and food is absorbed into where?

A

blood and lymphatic capillaries

60
Q

what increases towards the end of small intestine?

A

Peyer’s patches

61
Q

how long is the large intestine?

A

5 ft

62
Q

reabsorbs water and eliminates residues

A

L. intestine

63
Q

subdivisions of L intestine

A

cecum, appendix, colon, rectum, anal canal

appendix hangs from cecum

64
Q

regions of the colon

A

ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid colon

65
Q

region of colon that runs up the right side of abdomen

A

ascending

66
Q

region of colon across abdomen

A

transverse

67
Q

region of colon that runs down left side of abdomen and enters pelvis

A

descending colon

68
Q

S shaped part of colon

A

sigmoid

69
Q

anal canal has external voluntary and

A

internal involuntary sphincter

70
Q

what produces mucus in the L intestine?

A

goblet cells

71
Q

pocket like sacs in L intestine

A

haustra

72
Q

what are the accesory digestive organs?

A

pancreas, liver, gall bladder, teeth, salivary glands

73
Q

extends from spleen to duodenum and produces enzymes to break down food

A

pancreas

74
Q

pancreas alkaline juices neutralize

A

acidic chyme

75
Q

largest gland, three lobes, under diaphragm towards right side

A

liver

76
Q

liver is suspended from diaphragm and abdominal wall by the

A

falciform ligament

77
Q

liver produces

A

bile

78
Q

yellowish green water solution

A

bile

79
Q

emulsify fats aiding in fat digestion

A

bile salts

80
Q

bile contains

A

bile salts, bile pigments, cholesterol, phospholipids, and electrolytes

81
Q

sectete in mouth

A

salivary glands

82
Q

where r the parotid salivary glands?

A

anterior to the ears

83
Q

these glands empty into the floor of the mouth

A

submandibular salivary and sublingual salivary glands

84
Q

mixture of mucus and serous fluids

A

saliva

85
Q

saliva contains

A

salivary amylase, lysozyme, and antibodies

86
Q

thin walled green sac in shallow fossa on inferior surface of liver

A

gall bladder

87
Q

stores and concentrates bile

A

gall bladder

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