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Microbiology > Trematodes > Flashcards

Trematodes Flashcards

1
Q

Cholangiocarcinoma

A

Clonorchis sinensis

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2
Q

Typical small brownish operculated egg

A

Clonorchis sinensis

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3
Q

Chlonorchis Tx

A

Praziquantel

Albendazole

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4
Q

Chinese liver fluke

Ingestion of raw or undercooked fish

A

Chlonorchis sinensis

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5
Q

Undercooked fish with encysted larvae (metacercariae) -> duodenum -> immature flukes enter bile duct -> adults -> release eggs -> feces -> snails -> miracidia

A

Clonorchis sinensis

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6
Q

Clonorchis sinensis occupies or encysts the

A

2nd part of duodenum

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7
Q

Diagnostic stage of Clonorchis sinensis

A

Embryonated eggs passed in feces

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8
Q

Infective stage of Chlonorchis sinensis

A

Metacercariae in flesh of fish

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9
Q

Inflammation and obstruction of biliary tract

A

Chlonorchis sinensis

Also ascaris

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10
Q

Chlonorchis is seen on microscopy as

A

Old fashioned electric bulb

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11
Q

Oriental lung fluke

Raw or undercooked crab meat crustacean

A

Paragonimus westermani

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12
Q

Paragonimus westermani definitive host

A

Human

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13
Q

Paragonimus westermani 1st intermediate host

A

Snail

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14
Q

Paragonimus westermani intermediate host

A

Crab

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15
Q

Hemoptysis

Cough

A

Paragonimus westermani

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16
Q

Rash
Eggs in bladder
Inflammation of bladder

A

Schistosoma hematobium

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17
Q

Schistosomiasis is also known as

A

bilharzia
bilharziosis
snail fever

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18
Q

Schistosoma intermediate host

A

Oncomelia quadrasi

Snail

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19
Q

Dioecious (sexes are separate)

Male is larger than female

Blood trematode

A

Schistosoma

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20
Q

Schistosoma Dx

A

Eggs

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21
Q

Egg of schistosoma mansoni

A

large lateral spine

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22
Q

S japonicum egg

A

Small lateral spine

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23
Q

S haematobium egg

A

Terminal spine

24
Q

Urinary schistosomiasis

A

S haematobium

25
Q

Schistosoma definitive host

26
Q

Infective stage of Schistosoma

27
Q

Schistosoma diagnostic stage

A

Eggs in feces (mansoni, japonicum)

Eggs in urine (haematobium)

28
Q

Schistosoma migrates and matures in the

A

liver into adults

and then to bowel or rectum to lay eggs or bladder

29
Q

Schistosoma mansoni and japonicum migrates to

A

Mesenteric venules

Pipestem Fibrosis

30
Q

S haematobium migrates to

A

urinary venules

31
Q

S mansoni prefers

32
Q

S japonicum prefers the

A

Small intestine

33
Q

S haematobium is precursor for

A

urinary bladder cancer

34
Q

Schistosoma Tx

A

Praziquantel

Oxamniquine

35
Q

S japonicum
Oriental blood fluke

Snail host

A

Oncomelania hupensis/philippinensis

36
Q

S mansoni

Snail host

A

Biomphlaria glabrata

37
Q

S intercalatum

Snail host

A

Bulinus forskalii

Bulinus africanus

38
Q

S haematobium

Snail host

A

Bulinus truncatus

39
Q

Schistosomiasis is endemic in

A

12 regions

Bohol
Mindoro oriental
Sorsogon
Samar
Leyte
By region
Surigso
Agusan
Samar
Leyte
40
Q

3 factors for disease process of Schistosoma

A

Presence of snail intermediate host
Method of disposal of human excreta
Contact with cercaria-infected water

41
Q

Dermatitis (cercarial invasion)

A

Swimmer’s itch

Schistosoma

42
Q

Parasites approach sexual maturity and commencement of oviposition of Schistosoma

A

Katayama fever

Acute schistosomiasis

43
Q

Results for associated antigen excess

Chronic schistosomiasis

A

Granuloma formation in

Schistosoma

44
Q

Schistosoma causes

A

Granuloma formation
Organomegaly
Obstruction (portal hypertension -> esophageal varices)
Hydroureter & hydronephrosis

45
Q

UTZ finding of Schistosomiasis

A

Lace like pattern

46
Q

Phases of cercarial invasion

A

Cercarial invasion
Intestinal phase
Hepatosplenic phase

47
Q

Form of dermatitis most commonly caused by

S mansoni
S japonicum

2-3 days after invasion

A

Swimmer’s itch

48
Q

Occurs during worm. Maturation and oviposition (4-8 weeks after invasion)

Serum-like sickness

fever, LAD, hepatosplenomegaly

High Eosinophilia
Antibodies detected in seum before eggs are identified in excreta

A

Katayama fever

49
Q

Few months after infection

Colicky abdominal pain
Bloody diarrhea
Anemia

Fatigue, inability to perform daily routine functions

Growth retardation

Severity = worm burden

Runs chronic course -> colonic polyposis

A

Intestinal phase

50
Q

Esophageal varices
Caput medusae
Superior rectal veins

Liver function deterioration
Ascites
Hypoalbuminemia
Coagulation defects

A

Hepatosplenic phase

51
Q

Migratory worm deposit eggs in brain and induce granulomatous response

Jacksonian epilepsy
S japonicum
Transverse myelitis

A

CNS Schistosomiasis

S japonicum

52
Q

Stool exam for Schistosomiasis

A

Kato-katz thick smear

+ for heme or grossly bloody

53
Q

Schistosomiasis PCR

A
  1. 4 sensitivity
  2. 9 specificity

Can detect DNA in stool or urine

54
Q

Schistosoma serum test

A

Circum Oval Precipitin

55
Q

Schistosomiasis Tx

A

Praziquantel

Microbiology (16 decks)

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