Proteus and Pseudomonas Flashcards
Motile
Swarming motility on BAP
Urease +
Causes UTI and staghorn renal calculi
Proteus mirabilis/vulagaris
Proteus struvite stones “coffin lid” appearance
Magnesium
Ammonium phosphate
MAP
Proteus mirabilis/vulagris Tx
Fluoroquinolone
TMP-SMZ
Enzyme that catalyzed hydrolysis of urea
Urea is split to form ammonia and CO2
Urease
Urease + organisms
Pink because of ammonia
Proteus
H pylori
Ureaplasma urealyticum
Favors formation of stagnorn calculi
Urease
Responsible for Swarming growth of Proteus
Peritrichous flagella
Green colored enzyme of Proteus because of presence of Phenylpyruvic acid
Phenylalanine deaminase + 10% FeCl3
Proteus antigen
that cross react with various strains of rickettsiae
OX-19 (vulgaris)
OX-2 vulgaris
OX-K (Proteus mirabilis)
Proteus motility
Swarming
Proteus flagella
Peritrichous
Proteus pathogenic factor
Urease
Proteus renal stone
Staghorn calculi MAP
Cross reacts with rickettsial antibodies
Proteus vulgaris OX strain
Non-fermenting, oxidase +
Fruity, grape-like
Pyocyanin +
Pyoverdin +
Burn/neutropenic/hospitalized/ventilated
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Septicemia from Pseudomonas comes from
Exthyma gangrenosum
Old name of pseudomonas
Bacillus pyocyanius
Pyocyanin (blue pus)
Pseudomonas causes
Pyocyanin (blue pus)
Shanghai fever
Colonizes respiratory tract of hospitalized patients
Can grow in simple aqueous solutions: respiratory therapy, anesthesia equipment, IV fluid and distilled water
Pseudomonas
Gram - Oxidase + Non fermenting Obligate aerobe Loves wet environment
Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas pigments
Pyocyanin (blue-green)
Fluorescein (green-yellow, fluorescent)
Best produced by King’s pigment
Pyoverdin (yellow-green pigment that fluoresces under ultraviolet light in burn)
Damages cilia and mucosal cell of respiratory tract
Pyocyanin
Pseudomonas toxins
Toxin A - ADP ribosylation of EF 2; NADase similar to diptheria
Slime layer is anti-phagocytic
Gun metal appearance of colonies
Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas can cause
Skin and soft tissue - hot tub folliculits; burn; ecthyma gangrenosum*
Ear infection - diffuse otitis externa
Pneumonia - ICU, vent, cystic fibrosis*
Fruity odor of pseudomonas is because of the presence
trimethylamine (aminoacetophenone)
Most common cause of Gram - nosocomial pneumonia
Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas Tx
Ceftazidime (monotherapy)
Cefepime
Pip/Taz or Imipenem
Amikacin
What oral antibiotic has adequate antipseudomonal coverage?
Ciprofloxacin