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Microbiology > Cestode > Flashcards

Cestode Flashcards

1
Q

Broad or fish tapeworm

A

D latum

Diphyllobothriasis

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2
Q

Largest human tapeworm

A

D latum

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3
Q

2 elongated sucking grooves
Bothria
No circular suckers or hooks

Gravid uterus forms rosettes

A

D latum

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4
Q

Eggs Oval, operculum at one end

A

D latum

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5
Q

Longest and largest of tapeworms
rosette appearance
Sucking groove of scolex
Oval eggs with lid-like opening (operculum)

A

D latum

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6
Q

D latum transmission

A

Ingestion of raw or undercooked fresh water fish

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7
Q

D latum definitive host

Where parasite reaches its maturity

A

Human

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8
Q

D latum intermediate host

Organism that supports immature, nonrepro form

A

Copepod 1st intermediate

Fish 2nd intermediate

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9
Q

Little damage in gut causing diarrhea and pain but may cause this type of anemia

A

Pernicious anemia

B12 def

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10
Q

D latum Dx

A

Eggs or proglottids

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11
Q

D latum Tx

A

Praziquantel

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12
Q

Increases permeability of worm membrane

Influx of calcium

A

Praziquantel

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13
Q

Ca influx from Praziquantel lead to

A

worm spasm and paralysis

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14
Q

D latum life cycle

A

Human passes egg to feces
Copepod ingests eggs
Fish ingests eggs
Human ingests eggs

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15
Q

D latum causes

A

Megaloblastic anemia

Pernicious anemia

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16
Q

Dog tapeworm

Hydatid worm

A

Echinococcus granulosus

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17
Q

Scolex: 4 suckers
Double circle of hooks

Adult worm only 3 proglottids

A

Echinococcus granulosus

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18
Q

extra-intestinal tapeworm infection

A

Unilocular hydatid cyst

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19
Q

Most important definitive host of echinococcus granulosus

A

Dog/sheep

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20
Q

Humans in e granulosis are only

A

dead-end/accidental host

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21
Q

E granulosus is usually found in

A

rural areas

grazing areas

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22
Q

Dog eats entrails (liver) of sheep -> hydatid cyst -> adult worm in gut -> eggs passed in feces -> sheep (and human)

A

E granulosis

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23
Q

Endemic in sheep raising areas

Ingest entrails of sheep

A

E granulosus

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24
Q

E granulosus affects lungs as

A

E multilocularis

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25
Q

E granulosus spleen cyst

A

E granulosus

26
Q

Most common cause of splenic abscess

A

Echinococcus

27
Q

Scolex is pyriform

A

E granulosus

28
Q

Protoscoleces

A

Hydatid sand

29
Q

Danger on rupture of hydatid cyst

A

Anaphylactic shock

30
Q

E granulosus Gold Standard Dx

31
Q

E granulosus UTZ diagnostic feature

A

Water lily sign

32
Q

Hydatid cyst occurs 60% in

A

Liver

Spleen

33
Q

E granulosis Diagnostic intradermal test

A

Casoni skin test

34
Q

E granulosus Tx

Most effective

A

Surgical removal

Extirpation

35
Q

Drug for E granulosus

A

Albendazole

Mebendazole

36
Q

Taeniasis and Cysticercosis
Pork tapeworm

Scolex: 4 suckers, circle of hooks

Gravid proglottid

A

Taenia solium

37
Q

Scolex of t solium

A

Cephalic rostellar hooklets

38
Q

Mature segments of t solium

A

Broader than long

39
Q

Pork tapeworm
Rostellar hooks
Broader than long

A

Taenia solium

40
Q

Ovum is spherical thick wall that that has STRIATIONS

A

Taenia solium

41
Q

Adult worm t solium

42
Q

Larvae form of t solium

A

Cysticercosis

43
Q

If egg of t solium reaches brain

A

Neurocysticercosis

44
Q

Most common brain infection worldwide

A

Neurocysticercosis

45
Q

Undercooked pork infected with cysticerci -> humans larvae attach gut -> adult worm with proglottid -> pass in feces -> pigs

May infect brain

46
Q

Muscle parasites

A

Trichinella spiralis

T solium

47
Q

Lab diagnosis of t solium

A

CT scan

Biopsy of infected tissue reveal calcified cysticerci

48
Q

Calcifications in brain

A

Toxoplasmosis
MTB
Schistosomiasis
Neurocystercosis

49
Q

T solium Tx

A

Praziquantel for intestinal worms and cerebral cysticercosis (drug of choice)
Surgical excision
Albendazole

50
Q

Intestinal worm t solium Tx

A

Niclosamide

51
Q

Neurocystercosis trigerring inflammation -> seizure

A

Jacksonian march - focal seizure

52
Q

Superior tx for T solium
Better penetration of CSF

Give with

A

Albendazole

Dexamethasone

Better than praziquantel

53
Q

Beef tapeworm
Taeniasis

Scolex: 4 suckers, no hooks

Absent cephalic hooklet

Gravid proglottid: 15-20

A

Taenia saginata

54
Q

Humans infected by eating raw or undercooked beef containing larvae (cysticerci)

Migrates to skeletal muscle

A

Taenia saginata

55
Q

T saginta intermediate host

56
Q

T saginatum Definitive host

57
Q

Cysticercosis does not occur

A

T saginata

58
Q

T saginata treatment

A

Praziquantel

59
Q

Small fox tapeworm

Alveolar echinococcosis

A

Echinococcus multilocularis

60
Q

Dwarf tapeworm

Entire worm - small 40 mm long

No intermediate host

Person to person most often asymptomatic

Heavy infection weakness, headaches, anorexia, abdominal pain and diarrhea

Tx Praziquantel

A

Hymenolepsis nana

Microbiology (16 decks)

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