Parasitology

Question 1

4 groups of protozoa

Answer 1

Sarcodina (amebas)
Sporozoans
Mastigophora (flagellates)
Ciliates

Question 2

Metazoa 2 Phyla

Answer 2

Nemathelminthes (Round worms)

Platyhelminthes (Flat worms)

Question 3

Platyhelminthes

Answer 3

Trematoda

Cestoda

Question 4

Amoeba

Answer 4

E histolytica
E coli
Endolimax nana
Iodamoeba buetschlii

Question 5

Amebic dysentery
Liver abscess

Motile amoeba
Forms cysts with 4 nuclei
E coli = 8 nuclei

Answer 5

E histolytica

Question 6

Cyst -> humans -> trophozoites in small intestines ->colon -> cysts -> stool

Answer 6

E hystolitica

Question 7

E histolytica transmission

Answer 7

Fecal oral

Question 8

E histolytica trophozoites invade

Answer 8

colon (submucosa teardrop or flask shaped ulcers) -> bloody stools

Question 9

Reaches portal blood circulation -> liver abscess R lobe -> spreads through diaphragm to lungs

Amebic abscess of the brain

Answer 9

E histolytica

Question 10

E histolytica loves this part of liver

Answer 10

R posteroinferior lobe

Question 11

E histolytica dx

Answer 11

Trophozoites
Cysts in stool *
Indirect hemagluttination

Question 12

E histolytica

Tx

Answer 12

Metronidazole

Iodoquinol

Question 13

Amoeba life cycle

Answer 13

Non invasive colonization 
R side of colon (Amoebic colitis)
Extraintestinal liver (Amoebic liver abscess)
Brain 
Stool exam cyst

Question 14

Infective stage of E histolytica

Answer 14

Cyst mature 4 nuclei

Question 15

Amoebic liver abscess

Answer 15

Anchovy paste

Question 16

Ingested RBC
Bull’s eye karyosome

Cigar shaped chromatoidal body

Answer 16

E hystolitica

Question 17

Whisk broom

Chromatoidal body

Answer 17

Entamoeba coli

Question 18

Comma shaped

Chromatoidal body

Answer 18

Endolimax nana

Question 19

Glycogen vacuole

Answer 19

Iodamoeba buetschlii

Question 20

Ring dot nuclei

Answer 20

Entamoeba hystolitica

Question 21

Peripheral chromatin

Central karyosome

Answer 21

Entmoeba hystolitica

Question 22

Luminal and extraluminal amecides

Answer 22

Drugs

Question 23

The right lobe is 4 times more likely to be involved than the left because

Answer 23

it receives bulk of the venous drainage from the colon

Question 24

Anchovy paste is brought about by

Answer 24

Amoebic protease liquefying liver

Question 25

Dreaded complication of amoebiasis with rupture of hepatic abscess reaching the thoracic cavity

Answer 25

Amoebic pericarditis

Question 26

Luminal amebicide

Answer 26

Iodoquinol Paromomycin Diloxanite Furoate DIP

Question 27

Tissue amebicide

Answer 27

Nitroimidazole Metronidazole Tinidazole

Question 28

Free living amoeba

Answer 28

Naegleria fowleri | Acanthamoeba

Question 29

Dormant form of Naegleria

Answer 29

Cyst

Question 30

Feeding and replicating form

Answer 30

Trophozoite

Question 31

Naegleria Acanthamoeba mode of transmission

Answer 31

swimming in contaminated rivers, pools inhalation diving in warm, still waters

Question 32

Naegleria gains access to the brain through the

Answer 32

Cribriform plate of ethmoid multiplying along base of the brain Frontal lobe

Question 33

Primary amoebic Meningooencephalitis with death in one week

Answer 33

Naegleria meningitis

Question 34

Inhabits fresh brackish and salt water, moist soil and decaying vegetation

Answer 34

Naeglaria fowleri

Question 35

Primary Amebic Encephalitis incubation period

Answer 35

1-14 days

Question 36

Headache, fever, lethargy, rhinitis, nausea, vomiting and disorientation Photophobia, CN III, CN IV and or CN VI Coma and death within a week

Answer 36

Primary Amoebic Encephalitis

Question 37

Primary Amoebic Encephalitis tx

Answer 37

Amphotericin B

Question 38

Investigational breast cancer and anti leishmania drug Shown amoeba-killing activity against free living amoebae, including Naegleria fowleri

Answer 38

Miltefosine

Question 39

Skin lesions, uveitis and corneal ulceration, contamnated lens solutions

Answer 39

Acanthamoeba

Question 40

Acanthamoeba is notoriously associated with infection of

Answer 40

contact lens

Question 41

Usually in immunocompromised Severe headache, nausea following swim; ulcerative eye infection

Answer 41

Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis

Question 42

Acanthamoeba Tx

Answer 42

``` Amphotericin B Miconazole Rifampin Propamidine Neomycin ```

Question 43

Acanthamoeba Dx

Answer 43

Presence of organisms in CSF | Corneal scrapings