Treacheobronchial parasites

Question 1

Parasites that cause respiratory disease can reside in the lung or migrate through pulmonary tissue (the latter includes larval migrans from _____ ____.

Answer 1

intestinal parasties- often times are subclinical. dx can be made on fecal exams, but endoscopy and sytology are often required.

Question 2

What are the most COMMON invaders of the trachea and bronchi, typically involving mucosal or submucosal tissues?

Answer 2

Nematodes- or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda. They are a diverse animal phylum inhabiting a very broad range of environments. Nematode species can be difficult to distinguish, and although over 25,000 have been described, of which more than half are parasitic, the total number of nematode species has been estimated to be about 1 million. Unlike the phylaCnidarians and Platyhelminthes (flatworms), nematodes have tubular digestive systems with openings at both ends.

Question 3

What is the most common respiratory parasite in dogs?

Answer 3

Oslerus osleri (formerly Filaroides osleri)-Filaroides osleri is a parasite that produces hemorrhagic or granular, wartlike nodules in the trachea and bronchi of the dog and other canids. It has been reported from many parts of the world. Nodules can become large enough to obstruct air flow (uncommon)..

Question 4

Tracheal parasite that affects dogs in North America and Eurasia.

Answer 4

Crenosoma vulpis- Crenosoma vulpis is a parasite of foxes that occasionally makes its way into dogs. It lives in the bronchi where it causes mild catarrhal inflammation but no nodule formation.

Question 5

Nematode that affects cats in the U.S., Europe, and Middle East?

Answer 5

sOslerus pararostratus- is a parasitic metastrongyloid nematode of the lungs of feral and domestic cats

Question 6

Tracheal nematode that affects dogs in Mexico?

Answer 6

Oslerus pararostratus-

Question 7

Trachobronchial nematode that was formerly known as Capillaria aerophilia; affects dogs and cats.

Answer 7

Eucoleus aerophilus- Eucoleus aerophilus (also known as Capillaria aerophila) is primarily a parasite of the respiratory tract of the fox; it has also been reported from the dog, cat, and other carnivores in North America, South America, and Europe.

Question 8

This namatode has been reported in the Southern US and in most tropical and subtropical regions worldwide (including Africa, Europe, and South America). Incidence may be quite high (____%) in endemic areas.

Answer 8

Spriocerca lupi

Question 9

Spirocercerca lupi is most often reported in young, _____-____ male dogs. Transmission is via ingestion of an intermediate host of a ______. Larva inter the blood stream from the stomach and migrate via the _____ to the esophagus. Reactive nodular granulomas form in the _____ esophagus and the _____ of the stomach. Migration can cause aortic ______, aortic _____ and thrombus formation.

Answer 9

large- breed

bettle

aorta

aneurysm, scarring

Question 10

Many animals affected with Spirocerca lupi have aberrant migration of the parasite through muscle, _____, spinal cord, _____, or lungs. Acute death can occur from an ____ _____. DX with endoscopy or _____ _____.

Answer 10

joint, kidney

aortic aneurysm

fecal eggs (eggs are shed intermittently)

Question 11

Radiographic findings of Spirocercosis include new bone production along the ____ _____ of the caudal throacic vertebrae (but this finding is not always present). Nodules (granulomas) most commonly develop in the ____ ____ , along the dorsal wall. Malignant transformation to osteosarcoma may lead to _____.

Answer 11

ventral margin

caudal esophagus

mineralization

Question 12

DDF for Sirocercosis are

Answer 12

Esophagitis and neoplasia