Heart Problems

Question 1

What is Primary Cardiomyopathy?

Answer 1

idopathic

DIALATED OR CONGESTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY

HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY

RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHIES

Indeterminant

Arrhythogenic

Question 2

Secondary cradiomyopathy is known etiology DIALATED -D or HYPERTROPHIC- H changes but what are the other “potential” causes?

Answer 2

Genetics

Endocardosis (valvular insufficiency)

Congenital Heart defects

Question 3

For secondary Cardiomyopathy choose H or D

Hypertension due to renal dz

Idiopathic systemic hypertension

Tachycardia or bradycardia

DM

Hyperthyroidism

Uremia

Acromegaly

Pheochromocytoma

Mucopolysaccharidosis

Taurine deficiency

L-carnitine deficiency

Vit E or Sel def

Lyme dz (Borreliosis) ticks

Bartonellosis (Cat scratch fever)- emerging infectious bacterial disease

Bacterial (usually immune diff)

mycotic (aspergillosis)

Viral

protozoal

Inflammation/noninfectious myocarditis

Trauma (blunt force to thorax)

heat stroke

Electrocution

Answer 3

Hypertension due to renal dz- H

Idiopathic systemic hypertension- H

Tachycardia or bradycardia- D

DM- D

Hyperthyroidism- H

Uremia- D

Acromegaly- H

Pheochromocytoma- H

Mucopolysaccharidosis- D

Taurine deficiency- D

L-carnitine deficiency- D

Vit E or Sel def- D

Lyme dz (Borreliosis) ticks

Bartonellosis (Cat scratch fever)- emerging infectious bacterial disease- D

Bacterial (usually immune diff)- D

mycotic (aspergillosis)- D

Viral -D

protozoal-D

Inflammation/noninfectious myocarditis-D

Trauma (blunt force to thorax)- D

heat stroke- D

Electrocution

Question 4

Reasons for RHF-

Answer 4

Secondary to LHF

Pericardial disease (effusion, inflammation)

HW (dirofilariasis, angiostrongylus)

Tricuspid valve insufficiency: - secondary to mitral valve insuff (MOST COMMON), endocardosis (dysplasia), Cor pulmonale- HW, Pulmonary thromboembolism), Endocarditis (less common tin tricuspid than in mitral and aortic), Ruptured chordae tendinae or papillary muscle

Tricuspid vavle dysplasia

Cardiomyopathy

Severe L-R intracardiac shunt

Pulm thromboembolism

Question 5

Reasons for LHF

Answer 5

Mitral valve insufficency - endocardosis (MOST COMMON), endocorditis, ruptured chordae tendinae

Cardiomyopathy

Hyperthyroidism (cats)

Systemic hypertension

Congenital heart dz- PDA, aortic stenosis, VSD, mitral valve dysplasia, ASD

Myocaridal dz (inflammation, ischemia, neo)

Severe cardiac electrical disturbance

Aortic Valve insuff

Increased cardiac demand- overexertion, anemia, pregnacy

Question 6

Causes of endocarditis/myocarditis?

Answer 6

Bacterial (MOST COMMON0

Viral - distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus

Toxoplasmosis

letptospirosis

Pneumonia

Immune-med dz (rhumatoid arthritis)

Parasitic infection (rare)

Rickettsial infection (rare)