Trauma Lecture 3 Flashcards
function of skeletal muscles
- striated, voluntary
- movement
- body heat
- posture
- protection
function of bones
- skeleton
- movement
- support
- mineral storage
- red blood cell production
function of joints
area where two or more bones connect to allow mobility
function of ligaments
- connect bone to bone
- provide stability and function
function of tendons
- connect bone to muscle
- provide stability and function
types of mechanism of injury
- direct blows
- indirect forces
- twisting forces
- crush injury
what is a sprain
ligaments
what is a strain
muscle
what is a fracture
bone
closed injuries
does not break the skin
what is a dislocation
disruption of a jointi n which the bone ends are no longer in contact
open injuries
breaks the skin
what can we splint
- joints: splint the long bone above and below
- long bone: splint the join above and below
- reduces pain
how to spint closed injuries
- stabilize in normal anatomic position
- do not reduce dislocations
how to splint open injuries
- stabilize in position found
- control bleeding
where are common fractures located
- hip
- pelvis
- femur
what are common fracture complications
- compratment syndrome
- blood loss
- multi-system trauma
what are hip fractures
- shortening of the leg with external rotation
- extremely painful
- potential for bleeding
treatment for hip fracture
- pain management
- monitor for bleeding/shock
what are pelvic fractures
- instability = potential fracture
- extremely painful
- potential for internal
treatment for pelvic fracture
- stabilization with pelvic binder
- pain management
- monitor for shock
what are femur fractures
- midshaft, closed femur fracture
- interna rotation
treatment for femur fracture
- traction splint
- realignment of the bone
compartment syndrome
- restriction of blood flow to injured area due to swelling
- edema
- bleeding
- constriction
- bandaging or splinting
complications of compartment syndrome
- blood loss
- multi-system trauma
- splinting is always secondary to life threats
- if there is a high velocity mechanism of injury, transport likey takes priority
types of splint
- rigid (cardboard)
- vacuum
- sling and swathe
- traction splint
- pelvic binder
