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EMT Class > Cardiology Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Cardiology Lecture 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

time is tissue

A

the longer you are pulselesss, the harder it is to revive

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1
Q

chain of survival

A
  1. recognition/activation of EMS
  2. immediate high-quality CPR
  3. rapid defibrilation
  4. basic and advanced EMS
  5. ALS and postarrest care
  6. reocvery
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2
Q

components of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

A
  • primary survey
  • chest compressions
  • automated external defibrilator application and use
  • respiratory support
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3
Q

primary survey

A
  • scene size-up
  • AVPU (if unresponseive, call ALS)
  • open the airway
  • assess circulation (5-10 seconds)
  • simultaneously assess chest rise
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4
Q

coronary perfusion

A

measure the perfusion of the heart

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5
Q

aortic diastolic pressure

A

left ventricular end-diastolic pressure

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6
Q

quality compressions maintain and increase

A

a high coronary perfusion pressure, chances of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)

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7
Q

key components of quality compressions

A
  • high chest compression fraction
  • proper depth (2 inches)
  • quality training
  • limited interruptions
  • proper space to treat the patient
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8
Q

chest compressions in adults

A
  • placement: heel of the hand, sternum, nipple line
  • depth: 2 inches
  • rate: 100 - 120 bpm
  • ratio: 30:2
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9
Q

chest compressions in child/infant

A
  • placement: one of two handed sternum, nipple line
  • depth: 1/3 patient’s chest
  • rate: 100 - 120 bpm
  • ratio: 30:2 (single) and 15:2 (multiple)
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10
Q

key differences in infant chest compressions

A
  • placement: one or two handed, sternum, nipple line
  • ratio: 30:2, 15:2
  • depth: 1/3 patient’s chest
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11
Q

airway and ventilation

A
  1. health-tilt chil-lift or jaw thrust
  2. C-E grip or two recuer method
  3. two ventilations vetween compressions
  4. asynchronous ventilations with advanced airway
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12
Q

automated external defibrilator (AED)

A
  • a device used to shock the heart
  • two pads placed on patient’s chest
  • clear the patient
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13
Q

when do you use AED in witnessed arrest

A

use AED first

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14
Q

when do you use AED in unwitnessed arrest

A

do compressions first

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15
Q

what is a semi-automatic AED

A

will charge before shock

16
Q

what is an automatic AED

A

will immediately shock

17
Q

not shockable

A
  • pulseless electrical activity (P.E.A)
  • asystole: “flatline”
18
Q

shockable

A
  • ventricular tachycardia (V-Tach)
  • ventricular fibrilation (V-Fib)
19
Q

ventricular tachycardia (V-Tach)

A
  • non-perfusing
  • fast ventricular rate
20
Q

ventriular fibrillation (V-Fib)

A

disorganized electrical firing

21
Q

special considerations

A
  • pacemakers
  • automated internal defibrillators
  • medication patches
  • wet patients
  • chest hair
22
Q

return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)

A
  • if pulses return to your patient
  • patients are critically ill and at high risk of re-arrest
  • transported to a STEMI receiving facility
23
Q

when not to do CPR

A
  • patient has adequate pulse
  • valid DNR
  • obvious signs of death
  • local protocol allows for determination of death upon arrival (DOS/DOA)
  • STOP: signs of life, transfer care, out of strength, physician’s order
24
Q

obvious signs of death

A
  • rigor mortis
  • dependent lividity
  • decomposition
  • decapitation
  • dismemberment
  • burnt beyond recognition
25
Q

concscious adult foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO)

A

adominal J-Thrusts or go unconscious

26
Q

unconscious adult foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO)

A
  • chest compressions
  • call for ALS
  • check airway prior to ventilation
  • remove abvious object
27
Q

conscious infant foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO)

A

five back blows, five chest compressions

28
Q

unconscious infant foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO)

A
  • call for ALS
  • check airway prior to ventilation
  • remove obvious object
  • check pulse after two successful ventilations
29
Q

rescue breathing

A
  • adult breath: every 6 seconds
  • child breath: one breath every 2-3 seconds
  • look for equal chest rise and fall
  • avoid hyperventilation
30
Q

pit crew CPR

A
  • one person supervises, everyone has a role
  • triangle positioning
  • advanced airway, continuous compressions with pulse checks
  • minimizes interruptions to chest compressions
31
Q

position 1 (pit crew CPR)

A

assess patient and start CPR, alternating compressions with position 2

32
Q

position 2 (pit crew CPR)

A

attach monitor/defibrilator pads, alternating compressions with position 1

33
Q
A
34
Q

position 3 (ALS) (pitt crew CPR)

A
  • apply oxygen
  • rhythm check. shock immediately after 200 compressions
  • monitor capnography, if ventilating
35
Q

position 4 (pitt crew model)

A

ALS Team Leader

EMT Class (15 decks)

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