Trauma Lecture 1 Flashcards
1
Q
capillary bleed
A
- slow and oozing
- easily controlled
- stops spontaneously
2
Q
venous bleed
A
- steady flow
- easier to control
- low pressure system
3
Q
arterial bleed
A
- rapid and profuse
- spurting with heart beat
- most difficult to control
4
Q
if controlled external bleeding, apply
A
a pressure dressings
5
Q
if uncontrolled exteral bleeding, apply
A
a tourniquet
6
Q
if a tourniquet cannot be applied, consider
A
wound packing
7
Q
assist patient with external bleeding by (3)
A
- high flow oxygen
- lay supine
- provide a warm blanket
8
Q
distance of tourniquet from site
A
- 3 inches
- only on extremities
- not on joints
9
Q
if the tourniquet is too big (for infant or very small child), direct
A
pressure on the wound
10
Q
situation to compress - pack
A
- for large wounds, superficial pressure is not effective
- if bleeding is from a deep wound, pack gauzetightly into the wound until it stops bleeding; hold pressure until help arrives
- for armpit and groin
11
Q
causes of delayed clotting
A
- blood thinning medications
- coumadin
- warfarin
- hypothermia
- chronic alcoholism
12
Q
primary assessment in trauma
A
- X: exsanguinating hemorrhage
- A: airway
- B: breathing
- C: circulation
13
Q
soft tissue injuries
A
- closed injuries
- open injuries
- burns
- DCAP-BTLS
14
Q
DCAP-BTLS
A
- deformities
- contusions
- abrasions
- puntures
- burns
- tenderness
- lacerations
- swelling
15
Q
deformity treatment
A
- splint in position of function
- realign long bone function
- apply ice pack for pain relief
16
Q
contusion treatment
A
- apply ice pack
- position patient in position of comfort
17
Q
abrasion treatment
A
- gross contamination
- dry sterile dressings
18
Q
penetrating treatment
A
- stabilize impaled objects
- apply occlusive dressing to neck, chest, and abdominal wounds
- apply dry sterile dressing
ONLY REMOVE OBJECT IF IT INTERFERES WITH CPR, AIRWAY
19
Q
tenderness treatment
A
- splint in position of function
- provide ice pack for swelling and pain
20
Q
laceration treatment
A
- control bleeding
- bandage with pressure dressing
- treat for shock
21
Q
swelling treatment
A
- splinting decreases bleeding and reduces pain
- provide ice pack
- remove any potentially restrictive objects (i.e. jewlery)
22
Q
avulsion treatment
A
- control bleeding
- if attached, place in anatomical position
- bandage with dry sterile dressing
23
Q
amputation treatment
A
- injured extremity: control bleeding and bandage with dry sterile bleeding
- amputated extremity: place in plastic bag in cool water
- transport should not be delayed to locate extremity
24
Q
evisceration treatment
A
- do not put organs back into body
- cover with moist sterile dressing
- treat for shock if indicated
25
epistaxis treatment
* apply direct pressure
* lean head forward
