TRANSPORT SYSTEM OF THE CELL

Question 1

all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are surrounded by a boundary called_________ that separates it from the outside

Answer 1

plasma membrane or cell membrane

Question 2

substances dissolved in a solution

Answer 2

solutes

Question 2

regulates the passage of solutes each as ions and small molecules through biological membranes, which are lipid bilayers that contain proteins embedded in them.

Answer 2

Plasma Membrane/cell membrane

Question 3

characteristic of a membrane which allows passage of certain molecules while blocking others

Answer 3

semi-permeability

Question 4

difference in the concentration of solutes in a solution between two regions

Answer 4

concentration gradient

Question 5

refers to the body fluid outside of the cell

Answer 5

extracellular fluid

Question 6

primary transport

Answer 6

passive
active

Question 6

molecules found outside or inside the cell can cross the cell membrane in three ways:

Answer 6

passive
active
bulk

Question 7

substances move into or out of the cell down a concentration gradient which requirees no energy to be used

Answer 7

passive transport

Question 8

drives their motion and control their direction

Answer 8

concentration gradient

Question 9

the movement of particles across the plasma membrane from a higher concentration to regions with lower concentration

Answer 9

diffusion

Question 10

two types of passive transport

Answer 10

diffusion
osmosis

Question 11

two types of diffusion

Answer 11

simple diffusion
facilitated diffusion

Question 12

small and lipid-soluble molecules pass through the semi-permeable membrane

Answer 12

simple diffusion

Question 13

molecules that cannot move through the membrane on their own are transported using transport proteins

Answer 13

facilitated diffusion

Question 14

transport proteins

Answer 14

channel
carrier

Question 15

form pores in the membrane allowing ions to pass

Answer 15

channel

Question 16

specific molecules and transport them across the plasma membrane

Answer 16

carrier

Question 17

the process of transporting water across the membranes. it diffuses water from areas of higher water concetration to areas of lower water concentratrion.

Answer 17

osmosis

Question 17

a transport of individual molecules by membrane proteins against their concentration gradient which requires energy

Answer 17

active transport

Question 18

the exchange of large molecules in the cytoplasm and extracellular fluid of the cell

Answer 18

bulk transport

Question 19

large molecules enter the cell by a process called ________, wherein the cell membrane bends inward or invaginates, forming a vesicle containing the macromolecule to be transported.

Answer 19

endocytosis

Question 20

materials for export, like proteins produced in the ribosomes and packaged in the golgi apparatus, are secreted out of the cell

Answer 20

exocytosis

Question 21

enclosed sacs in the cytoplasm that is usually used for storage and support

Answer 21

vesicles

Question 22

non-specific “cellular eating”

Answer 22

phagocytosis

Question 23

plasma membrane forms pseudopods (false feet) to trap macromolecules into vacuoles

Answer 23

phagocytosis

Question 24

lysosomes fuse with the vacuoles to digest the molecule

Answer 24

phagocytosis

Question 25

engulfed of large particles into the cytoplasm

Answer 25

phagocytosis

Question 26

plasma membrane forms invaginations to trap extracellular fluid and any solutes present

Answer 26

pinocytosis

Question 26

cellular drinking

Answer 26

pinocytosis

Question 27

trapped fluid and solutes are transported in vesicles into the cytoplasm

Answer 27

pinocytosis

Question 28

selective engulfment of particles

Answer 28

receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 29

uses receptor proteins as binding sites for specific external molecules

Answer 29

receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 29

clathrin-coated vesicles transports the molecule into the cytoplasm after binding

Answer 29

receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 29

ingestion of specific molecules through receptor ligand interaction

Answer 29

receptor-mediated endocytosis