ANATOMY 2 | 3rd Q

Question 1

The nervous system has three specific functions:

Answer 1

sensory input
integration
motor output

Question 2

sensory receptors present in skin & organs respond to external and internal stimuli by generating nerve impulses that travel to the brain and spinal cord.

Answer 2

sensory input

Question 3

the brain and spinal cord sum up the data received from all over the body and send out nerve impulses

Answer 3

integration

Question 4

The nerve impulses from the brain and spinal cord go to the effectors , which are muscles and glands. Muscle contractions and gland secretions are responses to stimuli received by sensory receptors.

Answer 4

motor output

Question 5

Divisions of the nervous system

Answer 5

central nervous system (cns)
peripheral nervous system (pns)

Question 6

Also called nerve cells, which transmit nerve impulses.

Answer 6

neurons

Question 6

Which supports and nourishes neurons

Answer 6

neuroglia

Question 7

3 parts of Neuron structure

Answer 7

cell body
dendrites
axon

Question 8

it contains the nucleus as well as other organelles.

Answer 8

cell body

Question 9

are the many short extentions that receive signals from sensory receptors or other neurons.

Answer 9

dendrites

Question 10

is the portion of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses.

Answer 10

axon

Question 11

3 types of neurons

Answer 11

motor neurons
sensory neurons
interneurons

Question 12

take nerve impulses from the CNS to muscles or glands.

Answer 12

motor neurons

Question 13

are multipolar because they have many dendrites and a single axon.

Answer 13

motor neurons

Question 14

take nerve impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS.

Answer 14

sensory neurons

Question 15

is gray because it contains cell bodies and short , nonmyelinated fibers.

Answer 15

gray matter

Question 15

are also known as association neurons , occur entirely within the CNS.

Answer 15

interneurons

Question 16

is white because it contains myelinated axons that run together in bundles called tracts.

Answer 16

white matter

Question 17

A clear tissue fluid that forms a protective cushion around and within the CNS.

Answer 17

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 18

is stored within the central canal of the spinal cord and in the brain’s ventricles

Answer 18

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 19

both the spinal cord and the brain are wrapped in protective membranes known as

Answer 19

meninges

Question 20

THE THREE LAYERS OF MENINGES

Answer 20

dura mater
arachnoid
pia mater

Question 21

is tough , white fibrous connective tissue that lies next to the skull and vertebrae.

Answer 21

dura mater

Question 22

consists of weblike connective tissue with thin strands that attach it to the pia mater.

Answer 22

arachnoid

Question 23

cylinder of nervous tissue that begins at the base of the brain and extends through a large opening in the skull called the

Answer 23

foramen magnum

Question 24

is the deepest meninx.

Answer 24

pia mater

Question 25

extend from the cord between the vertebrae. Intervertebral disks separate the vertebrae and if a disk slips a bit and presses on the spinal cord, pain results.

Answer 25

spinal nerves

Question 26

provides a means of communication between the brain and the peripheral nerves that leave the cord.

Answer 26

spinal cord

Question 26

Is the largest portion of the brain in humans .

Answer 26

cerebrum

Question 26

The Brain has 4 Parts

Answer 26

cerebrum
diencephalon
cerebellum
brain stem

Question 26

Is the last center to receive sensory input and carry out integration before commanding voluntary motor responses.

Answer 26

cerebrum

Question 27

It carries out the higher thought processes required for learning and memory and for language and speech.

Answer 27

cerebrum

Question 28

a region that encircles the third ventricle.

Answer 28

diencephalon

Question 28

is on the receiving end for all sensory input except smell.

Answer 28

thalamus

Question 28

produces the hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland and secretes hormones that control the anterior pituitary . therefore, it is link between the nervous and endocrine system.

Answer 28

hypothalamus

Question 28

is an integrating center that helps maintain homeotasis by regulating hunger , sleep , thirst, body temperature and water balance.

Answer 28

hypothalamus

Question 28

consists of two masses of gray matter located in the sides and roof of the third ventricle.

Answer 28

thalamus

Question 29

it participates in higher mental functions such as memory and emotions

Answer 29

thalamus

Question 29

which secretes the hormone melatonin and regulates our body’s daily rhythms, is located in the diencephalon.

Answer 29

penial gland

Question 30

Is separated from the brain stem by the fourth ventricle .

Answer 30

cerebellum

Question 31

Contains the midbrain , pons and the medulla oblongata.

Answer 31

medulla oblongata

Question 32

acts as a relay station for tracts passing between the cerebrum and the spinal cord or cerebellum.

Answer 32

midbrain

Question 33

functions with medulla oblongata to regulate breathing rate and has reflex centers concerned with head movements in response to visual and auditory stimuli.

Answer 33

pons

Question 34

means “bridge” in Latin.

Answer 34

pons

Question 35

contains a number of reflex centers for regulating heartbeart, breathing and vasoconstriction

Answer 35

medulla oblongata

Question 36

It also contains the reflex centers for vomiting, coughing , sneezing , hiccuping and swallowing.

Answer 36

medulla oblongata