BIO | 4th Q

Question 1

The process of grouping organisms using a multi-level approach based on their similarities.

Answer 1

CLASSIFICATION

Question 2

Aristotle’s classification by the Greeks and Romans into basic units- cats, oaks, and horses. Latin name for “group”.

Answer 2

GENERA

Question 3

is the science of describing, naming, and classifying species. It means “arrangement”.

Answer 3

TAXONOMY

Question 4

a Swedish color and botanist.

Answer 4

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 5

tenth edition of his book.

Answer 5

Systema Naturae

Question 6

Homo.

Answer 6

Genus

Question 7

Linnaeus’ legacy is his system of assigning a specific name to a species, which consists of two components:

Answer 7

Genus
Sapiens

Question 8

a specific identifier or epithet

Answer 8

Sapiens

Question 9

The naming system of Linnaeus.

Answer 9

Binomial Nomenclature

Question 10

means “two names”.

Answer 10

Binomial

Question 11

means “list”.

Answer 11

Calatus

Question 12

means “name”

Answer 12

Nomen

Question 13

science that focuses on the evolutionary history of a group of species.

Answer 13

Phylogenetics

Question 13

focuses on analyzing the diversity of organisms in the context of their natural relationships.

Answer 13

Systematics

Question 14

a common method used by taxonomists to create an evolutionary tree.

Answer 14

Cladistics

Question 15

an illustration or diagram used to visually present the evolutionary relationships or variability among groups of organisms.

Answer 15

Phylogenic Tree

Question 16

a branch of biology that studies the relationships of organisms based on their DNA and protein compositions using computer algorithms.

Answer 16

Molecular Phylogenetics

Question 16

is a model that uses mutation rate for the part of the hemoglobin protein.

Answer 16

Molecular Clock

Question 17

proposed a new method of measuring evolutionary time in the early 1960s.

Answer 17

Linus Pauling & Emil Zuckerandl

Question 18

Present only inside the mitochondria, the organelle responsible for providing every cell’s energy.

Answer 18

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)

Question 19

Considered for studying distantly related species such as those from different kingdoms and phyla.

Answer 19

Ribosomal DNA (rRNA)

Question 19

tends to have a lower rate, which is useful for studying the relationships between species separated by longer geologic time scales.

Answer 19

rRNA

Question 20

Kingdom Archeabacteria, which consists of single-celled prokaryotes with features that have chemically distinctive cell membranes and cell walls.

Answer 20

Domain Archaea

Question 21

meaning “ancient”.

Answer 21

Archaios

Question 22

includes the kingdoms Protista, Fungi, and Animilia. All members of these kingdoms have eukaryotic cells in their bodies.

Answer 22

Domain Eukarya

Question 23

Prokaryotes that cannot live in the presence of oxygen.

Answer 23

Obligate Anaerobes

Question 24

Prokaryotes that need oxygen to survive.

Answer 24

Obligate Aerobes

Question 24

Prokaryotes that can live with or without the presence of oxygen.

Answer 24

Facultative Aerobes

Question 25

Asexually reproduce via type of cell division, which means "divisions by half".

Answer 25

Binary Fission

Question 26

a method that tells the type of bacteria apart, which is especially useful for diagnosing infectious diseases and prescribing the right kind of antibiotics.

Answer 26

Gram Staining

Question 27

highly diverse group of organisms that includes hundreds of phyla. These are eukaryotic organisms that exhibit plant, animal, or fungal characteristics.

Answer 27

Protists

Question 28

protozoans with pseudopods or false feet. They feed by extending a part of their cytoplasm to help them move and they surround the food to eat.

Answer 28

Amoebas

Question 29

Marine planktons that are made up of about 90 percent of plantlike protists.

Answer 29

Dinoflagellates

Question 30

Photosynthetic plantlike protists that can produce food via photosynthesis .

Answer 30

Algae

Question 31

Some dinoflagellates produce light through internal chemical reactions in a phenomenon.

Answer 31

Bioluminescence

Question 31

Occurs when there is a buildup of nutrients leading to the explosion of the dinoflagellate's population or blooms.

Answer 31

Red Tide

Question 32

The structure of multicellular fungi are made up of long strands.

Answer 32

Byphae

Question 32

It is believed that plants organisms from ancestors related to the green algae (Phylum Chlorophyta in Kingdom Protista).

Answer 32

Charophytes

Question 33

Also known as bryophytes, are most low-growing and do not possess true roots for absorbing water from the ground.

Answer 33

Non-vascular plants

Question 34

Have true vascular tissues containing well-defined tubes that are suited for life in dry land and allow them to grow tall.

Answer 34

Vascular plants

Question 35

Plants are able to develop roots, leaves, and stems.

Answer 35

Vascular Plants

Question 36

There are two types of vascular tissues:

Answer 36

Phloem Xylem

Question 37

conducts manufactured food to other parts of the body.

Answer 37

Phloem

Question 38

absorbs water and minerals from the soil.

Answer 38

Xylem

Question 39

Seedless plants that also have underground seeds.

Answer 39

Rhizome

Question 40

Rhizomes also produce spores within their tiny leaflets called

Answer 40

sori (singular:seed)

Question 41

Seedless plants that also reproduce asexually and sexually

Answer 41

Rhizome