Transport Across Cell Surface Membrane Word Stimulants

Question 1

Cell Surface Membrane Properties

Answer 1

Partially permeable membrane
Regulates movement of solutes
Separates from surroundings (internal environment)
Folded - increase SA, rate of movement, increase no of channels

Question 2

Phospholipid bilayer

structure

Answer 2

Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
Protein channel
Cholesterol

Question 3

Phospholipid bilayer properties

Answer 3

Flexible, self sealing

Allow lipid-soluble to cross

Question 4

Cholesterol

Answer 4

Attracted to hydrophilic
Slightly immoblaised, firms and restricts
Movement of water soluble molecules

Question 5

Proteins properties

Answer 5

Act as enzymes
Transport substances
Maintain cell shape
Bind to messenger molecules - receptors (triggers activity)

Question 6

Protein channels

Answer 6

Water soluble ions

Question 7

Carrier proteins

Answer 7

Bind to ion/molecule

Change shape

Question 8

Glycolipid

Answer 8

Recognition site

Question 9

Glycoprotein

Answer 9

Branching carbohydrate portion on protein

Recognition site for chemicals (eg hormones)

Question 10

Diffusion

Answer 10

High to low concentration
Down conc gradient
No energy/ATP (passive)

Question 11

Factors affecting diffusion rate

Answer 11

Larger concentration gradient (faster)
Larger surface area (faster)
Decreases in distance of diffusion (short distances = thin, small cells)

Question 12

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 12

Specific Carrier proteins (filled with H2O)

Hydrophilic molecules

Question 13

Osmosis

Answer 13

High to low water potential

Selectively permeable membrane

Question 14

Water potential

Answer 14

Always negative
kPa
More solute added = lower water potential

Question 15

Higher external water potential

Answer 15

Swells

Bursts

Question 16

Lower external water potential

Answer 16

Shrinks

Shrivels

Question 17

Active Transport

Answer 17

Low to High concentration

Against concentration gradient

Question 18

ACTIVE transport

Answer 18

Requires energy (ATP)
ATP hydrolysis from cellular respiration

Question 19

Active transport use

Answer 19

Build up stores of soluble substances

Eg glucose in liver

Question 20

Active Transport movement

Answer 20

Carrier proteins
Na+K+ pump
Molecule binds, ATP attaches, protein changes shape, released

Question 21

Co transport

Answer 21

Indirect form of active transport (ATP)
One molecule actively transported
One molecule facilitated diffusion

Question 22

Absorption of glucose in ileum

Answer 22

Glucose + amino acid > blood

Question 23

Ileum

Answer 23

Small intestine

Question 24

Villi/microvilli

Answer 24

Increase surface area of diffusion

Question 25

Protein carriers

Answer 25

Glucose and amino acid (against conc gradient) carried with Na+ (down conc gradient)

Question 26

Into body

Answer 26

Active transport of Na+ into tissue | Facilitated dissuon of monosaccharides into blood