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Biology > Transport Across Cell Surface Membrane Word Stimulants > Flashcards

Transport Across Cell Surface Membrane Word Stimulants Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell Surface Membrane Properties

A

Partially permeable membrane
Regulates movement of solutes
Separates from surroundings (internal environment)
Folded - increase SA, rate of movement, increase no of channels

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2
Q

Phospholipid bilayer

structure

A

Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
Protein channel
Cholesterol

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3
Q

Phospholipid bilayer properties

A

Flexible, self sealing

Allow lipid-soluble to cross

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4
Q

Cholesterol

A

Attracted to hydrophilic
Slightly immoblaised, firms and restricts
Movement of water soluble molecules

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5
Q

Proteins properties

A

Act as enzymes
Transport substances
Maintain cell shape
Bind to messenger molecules - receptors (triggers activity)

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6
Q

Protein channels

A

Water soluble ions

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7
Q

Carrier proteins

A

Bind to ion/molecule

Change shape

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8
Q

Glycolipid

A

Recognition site

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9
Q

Glycoprotein

A

Branching carbohydrate portion on protein

Recognition site for chemicals (eg hormones)

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10
Q

Diffusion

A

High to low concentration
Down conc gradient
No energy/ATP (passive)

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11
Q

Factors affecting diffusion rate

A

Larger concentration gradient (faster)
Larger surface area (faster)
Decreases in distance of diffusion (short distances = thin, small cells)

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12
Q

Facilitated diffusion

A

Specific Carrier proteins (filled with H2O)

Hydrophilic molecules

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13
Q

Osmosis

A

High to low water potential

Selectively permeable membrane

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14
Q

Water potential

A

Always negative
kPa
More solute added = lower water potential

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15
Q

Higher external water potential

A

Swells

Bursts

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16
Q

Lower external water potential

A

Shrinks

Shrivels

17
Q

Active Transport

A

Low to High concentration

Against concentration gradient

18
Q

ACTIVE transport

A 
Requires energy (ATP)
ATP hydrolysis from cellular respiration
19
Q

Active transport use

A

Build up stores of soluble substances

Eg glucose in liver

20
Q

Active Transport movement

A

Carrier proteins
Na+K+ pump
Molecule binds, ATP attaches, protein changes shape, released

21
Q

Co transport

A

Indirect form of active transport (ATP)
One molecule actively transported
One molecule facilitated diffusion

22
Q

Absorption of glucose in ileum

A

Glucose + amino acid > blood

23
Q

Ileum

A

Small intestine

24
Q

Villi/microvilli

A

Increase surface area of diffusion

25
Q

Protein carriers

A

Glucose and amino acid (against conc gradient) carried with Na+ (down conc gradient)

26
Q

Into body

A

Active transport of Na+ into tissue

Facilitated dissuon of monosaccharides into blood

Biology (25 decks)

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